Heterocyclic dihydropyrimidine compounds

ABSTRACT

Novel heterocyclic dihydropyrimidine compounds useful as inhibitors of potassium channel function (especially inhibitors of the K v 1 subfamily of voltage gated K +  channels, especially inhibitors K v 1.5 which has been linked to the ultra-rapidly activating delayed rectifier K +  current I Kur ), methods of using such compounds in the prevention and treatment of arrhythmia and I Kur -associated conditions, and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

This application is a Divisional Application of, prior application Ser. No. 10/660,878 filed on Sep. 12, 2003 which is issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,157,451 on Jan. 2, 2007, which is a Divisional Application of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/729,731 filed Dec. 5, 2000, which is issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,706,720 on Mar. 16, 2004, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional application Ser. No. 60/236,037 filed Sep. 28, 2000 and U.S. Provisional application Ser. No. 60/169,091 filed Dec. 6, 1999. The entirety of each of these applications is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides for heterocyclic dihydropyrimidine compounds useful as inhibitors of potassium channel function (especially inhibitors of the K_(v)1 subfamily of voltage gated K⁺ channels, more especially inhibitors K_(v)1.5 which has been linked to the ultra-rapidly activating delayed rectifier K⁺ current I_(Kur)) and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds. The present invention further provides for methods of using such compounds in the treatment of arrhythmia, I_(Kur)-associated disorders, and other disorders mediated by ion channel function.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The importance of potassium channels was first recognized approximately fifty years ago when Hodgkin and Huxley discovered that potassium ions contributed to the current that excited the squid giant axon. Research in the area, however, was hampered by the lack of selective, high affinity ligands for potassium channels. But the advent of recombinant DNA techniques and single cell and whole cell voltage clamp techniques has changed the slow pace of the field. Indeed, potassium channels that exhibit functional, pharmacological and tissue distribution characteristics have been cloned. These cloned potassium channels are useful targets in assays for identifying candidate compounds for the treatment of various disease states. Potassium channels have turned out to be the most diverse family of ion channels discovered to date. They modulate a number of cellular events such as muscle contraction, neuro-endocrine secretion, frequency and duration of action potentials, electrolyte homeostatis, and resting membrane potential.

Potassium channels are expressed in eukaryotic and procaryotic cells and are elements in the control of electrical and non-electrical cellular functions. Potassium channels have been classified according to their biophysical and pharmacological characteristics. Subclasses of these channels have been named based on amino acid sequence and functional properties. Salient among these are the voltage dependent potassium channels, for example voltage gated potassium channels (e.g., K_(v)1, K_(v)2, K_(v)3, K_(v)4). Subtypes within these subclasses have been characterized as to their putative function, pharmacology and distribution in cells and tissues (Chandy and Gutman, “Voltage-gated potassium channel genes” in Handbook of Receptors and Channels—Ligand and Voltage-gated Ion Channels, ed. R. A. North, 1995; Doupnik et al., Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5:268, 1995). For example, the K_(v)1 class of potassium channels is further subdivided depending on the molecular sequence of the channel, for example K_(v)1.1, K_(v)1.2, K_(v)1.3, K_(v)1.4, K_(v)1.5, K_(v)1.6, and K_(v)1.7. Functional voltage-gated K⁺ channels can exist as multimeric structures formed by the association of either identical or dissimilar subunits. This phenomena is thought to account for the wide diversity of K⁺ channels. However, subunit compositions of native K⁺ channels and the physiologic role that particular channels play are, in most cases, still unclear.

Membrane depolarization by K_(v)1.3 inhibition has been shown to be an effective method to prevent T-cell proliferation and therefore has applications in many autoimmune conditions. Inhibition of K⁺ channels in the plasma membrane of human T-lymphocytes has been postulated to play a role in eliciting immunosuppressive responses by regulating intracellular Ca⁺⁺ homeostasis, which has been found to be important in T-cell activation.

The K_(v)1.3 voltage-gated potassium channel is found in neurons, blood cells, osteoclasts and T-lymphocytes. The Chandy and Cahalan laboratories proposed a hypothesis that blocking the K_(v)1.3 channel would elicit an immunosuppressant response. (Chandy et al., J. Exp. Med. 160, 369, 1984; Decoursey et al., Nature, 307, 465, 1984). However, the K⁺ channel blockers employed in their studies were non-selective. Until research with the peptide margatoxin, a peptide found in scorpion venom, no specific inhibitor of the K_(v)1.3 channel existed to test this hypothesis. Although a laboratory (Price et al., Proc. Natl, Acad, Sci. USA, 86, 10171, 1989) showed that charybdotoxin would block K_(v)1.3 in human T-cells, charybdotoxin was subsequently shown to inhibit four different K⁺ channels (K_(v)1.3 and three distinct small conductance Ca⁺⁺ activated K⁺ channels) in human T-lymphocytes, limiting the use of this toxin as a probe for the physiological role of K_(v)1.3 (Leonard et al., Proc. Natl, Acad. Sci, USA, 89, 10094, 1992). Margatoxin, on the other hand, blocks only K_(v)1.3 in T-cells, and has immunosuppressant activity on both in in vitro and in vivo models. (Lin et al., J. exp. Med, 177, 637, 1993). The therapeutic utility of this compound, however, is limited by its potent toxicity. Recently, a class of compounds has been reported that may be an attractive alternative to the above mentioned drugs, see for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,670,504; 5,631,282; 5,696,156; 5,679,705; and 5,696,156. While addressing some of the activity/toxicity problems of previous drugs, these compounds tend to be of large molecular weight and are generally produced by synthetic manipulation of a natural product, isolation of which is cumbersome and labor intensive.

Immunoregulatory abnormalities have been shown to exist in a wide variety of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosis, chronic rheumatoid arthritis, type I and II diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, biliary cirrhosis, uveitis, multiple sclerosis and other disorders such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, bullous pemphigoid, sarcoidosis, psoriasis, ichthyosis, Graves ophthalmopathy and asthma.

Although the underlying pathogenesis of each of these conditions may be quite different, they have in common the appearance of a variety of auto-antibodies and self-reactive lymphocytes. Such self-reactivity may be due, in part, to a loss of the homeostatic controls under which the normal immune system operates. Similarly, following a bone-marrow or an organ transplantation, the host lymphocytes recognize the foreign tissue antigens and begin to produce antibodies which lead to graft rejection.

One end result of an autoimmune or a rejection process is tissue destruction caused by inflammatory cells and the mediators they release. Anti-inflammatory agents such as NSAID's act principally by blocking the effect or secretion of these mediators but do nothing to modify the immunologic basis of the disease. On the other hand, cytotoxic agents, such as cyclophosphamide, act in such a nonspecific fashion that both the normal and autoimmune responses are shut off. Indeed, patients treated with such nonspecific immunosuppressive agents are as likely to succumb from infection as they are from their autoimmune disease.

Cyclosporin A (CsA), which was approved by the US FDA in 1983 is currently the leading drug used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. In 1993, FK-506 (Prograf) was approved by the US FDA for the prevention of rejection in liver transplantation. CsA and FK-506 act by inhibiting the body's immune system from mobilizing its vast arsenal of natural protecting agents to reject the transplant's foreign protein. In 1994, CsA was approved by the US FDA for the treatment of severe psoriasis and has been approved by European regulatory agencies for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Though they are effective in fighting transplant rejection, CsA and FK-506 are known to cause several undesirable side effects including nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and gastrointestinal discomfort. Therefore, a selective immunosuppressant without these side effects still remains to be developed. Potassium channel inhibitors promise to be the solution to this problem.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter are the most common cardiac arrhythmias in clinical practice and are likely to increase in prevalence with the aging of the population. Currently, AF affects more than 1 million Americans annually, represents over 5% of all admissions for cardiovascular diseases and causes more than 80,000 strokes each year in the United States. While AF is rarely a lethal arrhythmia, it is responsible for substantial morbidity and can lead to complications such as the development of congestive heart failure or thromboembolism. Currently available Class I and Class III antiarrhythmic drugs reduce the rate of recurrence of AF, but are of limited use because of a variety of potentially adverse effects including ventricular proarrhythmia. Because current therapy is inadequate and fraught with side effects, there is a clear need to develop new therapeutic approaches

Antiarrhythmic agents of Class III are drugs that cause a selective prolongation of the duration of the action potential without significant cardiac depression. Available drugs in this class are limited in number. Examples such as sotalol and amiodarone have been shown to possess interesting Class III properties (Singh B. N., Vaughan Williams E. M. “A Third Class of Anti-Arrhythmic Action: Effects On Atrial And Ventricular Intracellular Potentials And Other Pharmacological Actions On Cardiac Muscle, of MJ 1999 and AH 3747” Br. J. Pharmacol 1970; 39:675-689. and Singh B. N., Vaughan Williams E. M, “The Effect of Amiodarone, A New Anti-Anginal Drug, On Cardiac Muscle”, Br J. Pharmacol 1970; 39:657-667), but these are not selective Class III agents. Sotalol also possesses Class II effects which may cause cardiac depression and is contraindicated in certain susceptible patients. Amiodarone, also is not a selective Class III antiarrhythmic agent because it possesses multiple electrophysiological actions and is severely limited by side effects (Nademanee, K. “The Amiodarone Odessey”. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 1992;20:1063-1065.) Drugs of this class are expected to be effective in preventing ventricular fibrillation. Selective class III agents, by definition, are not considered to cause myocardial depression or an induction of arrhythmias due to inhibition of conduction of the action potential as seen with Class I antiarrhythmic agents.

Class III agents increase myocardial refractoriness via a prolongation of cardiac action potential duration. Theoretically, prolongation of the cardiac action potential can be achieved by enhancing inward currents (i.e. Na⁺ or Ca²⁺ currents; hereinafter I_(Na) and I_(Ca), respectively) or by reducing outward repolarizing potassium (K⁺) currents. The delayed rectifier (I_(K)) K⁺ current is the main outward current involved in the overall repolarization process during the action potential plateau, whereas the transient outward (I_(to)) and inward rectifier (I_(KI)) K⁺ currents are responsible for the rapid initial and terminal phases of repolarization, respectively. Cellular electrophysiologic studies have demonstrated that I_(K) consists of two pharmacologically and kinetically distinct K⁺ current subtypes, I_(Kr) (rapidly activating and deactivating) and I_(Ks) (slowly activating and deactivating) (Sanguinetti and Jurkiewicz, Two Components Of Cardiac Delayed Rectifier K⁺ Current: Differential Sensitivity To Block By Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents, J Gen Physiol 1990, 96:195-215). Class III antiarrhythmic agents currently in development, including d-sotalol, dofetilide (UK-68,798), almokalant (H234/09), E-4031 and methanesulfonamide-N-[1′-6-cyano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthalenyl)-3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxyspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,4′-piperidin]-6yl]monochloride, predominantly, if not exclusively, block I_(Kr). Although, amiodarone is a blocker of I_(Ks) (Balser J. R. Bennett, P. B., Hondeghem, L. M. and Roden, D. M. “Suppression Of Time-Dependent Outward Current In Guinea Pig Ventricular Myocytes: Actions Of Quinidine And Amiodarone. Circ. Res. 1991, 69:519-529), it also blocks I_(Na) and I_(Ca), effects thyroid function, is as a nonspecific adrenergic blocker, and acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme phospholipase (Nademanee, K. “The Amiodarone Odessey”. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 1992;20:1063-1065). Therefore its method of treating arrhythmia is uncertain. Most Class III agents that are known to be in development predominantly block I_(Kr).

Reentrant excitation (reentry) has been shown to be a prominent mechanism underlying supraventricular arrhythmias in man. Reentrant excitation requires a critical balance between slow conduction velocity and sufficiently brief refractory periods to allow for the initiation and maintenance of multiple reentry circuits to coexist simultaneously and sustain AF. Increasing myocardial refractoriness by prolonging action potential duration (APD), prevents and/or terminates reentrant arrhythmias. Most selective Class III antiarrhythmic agents currently in development, such as d-sotalol and dofetilide predominantly, if not exclusively, block I_(kr), the rapidly activating component of I_(K) found both in the human atrium and ventricle.

Since these I_(kr) blockers increase APD and refractoriness both in atria and ventricle without affecting conduction per se, theoretically they represent potential useful agents for the treatment of arrhythmias like AF. These agents have a liability in that they have an enhanced risk of proarrhythmia at slow heart rates. For example, torsades de points has been observed when these compounds are utilized (Roden, D. M. “Current Status of Class III Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy”, Am J. Cardiol, 1993; 72:44B-49B). This exaggerated effect at slow heart rates has been termed “reverse frequency-dependence”, and is in contrast to frequency-independent or frequency-dependent actions (Hondeghem, L. M. “Development of Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents”. J. Cadiovasc. Cardiol. 20 (Suppl.2):S17-S22).

The slowly activating component of the delayed rectifier (I_(ks)) potentially overcomes some of the limitations of I_(kr) blockers associated with ventricular arrhythmias. Because of its slow activation kinetics however, the role of I_(ks) in atrial repolarization may be limited due to the relatively short APD of the atrium. Consequently, although I_(ks) blockers may provide distinct advantage in the case of ventricular arrhythmias, their ability to affect SVT is considered to be minimal.

The ultra-rapidly activating delayed rectifier K⁺ current (I_(kur)) is believed to represent the native counterpart to a cloned potassium channel designated Kv1.5 and, while present in human atrium, it appears to be absent in human ventricle. Furthermore, because of its rapidity of activation and limited slow inactivation, I_(kur) is believed to contribute significantly to repolarization in human atrium. Consequently, a specific blocker of I_(kur), that is a compound which blocks Kv1.5, would overcome the short coming of other compounds by prolonging refractoriness by retarding repolarization in the human atrium without causing the delays in ventricular repolarization that underlie arrhythmogenic after depolarizations and acquired long QT syndrome observed during treatment with current Class III drugs.

In intact human atrial myocytes an ultra-rapidly activating delayed rectifier K⁺ current I_(kur) which is also known as the sustained outward current, I_(sus) or I_(so), has been identified and this current has properties and kinetics identical to those expressed by the human K⁺ channel clone (hKv1.5, HK2) when isolated from human heart and stably expressed in human (HEK-293) cell lines. (Wang et al., 1993, Circ Res 73:1061-1076; Fedida et al., 1993, Circ Res 73:210-216; Snyders et al., 1993, J Gen Physiol 101:513-543) and originally cloned from rat brain (Swanson et al., 10, Neuron 4:929-939). Although various antiarrythmic agents are now available on the market, those having both satisfactory efficacy and a high margin of safety have not been obtained. For example, antiarrythmic agents of Class I according to the classification scheme of Vaughan-Williams (“Classification Of Antiarrhythmic Drugs: In: Cardiac Arrhythmias, edited by: E. Sandoe, E. Flensted-Jensen, K. Olesen; Sweden, Astra, Sodertalje, pp449-472, 1981) which cause a selective inhibition of the maximum velocity of the upstroke of the action potential (_(max)) are inadequate for preventing ventricular fibrillation. In addition, they have problems regarding safety, namely, they cause a depression of myocardial contractility and have a tendency to induce arrhythmias due to an inhibition of impulse conduction. Beta-adrenoceptor blockers and calcium antagonists which belong to Class II and IV, respectively, have a defect in that their effects are either limited to a certain type of arrhythmia or are contraindicated because of their cardiac depressant properties in certain patients with cardiovascular disease. Their safety, however, is higher than that of the antiarrhythmic agents of Class I.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides heterocyclic dihydropyrimidine compounds of the following formula I, including enantiomers, diastereomers, and salts thereof, useful as inhibitors of potassium channel function (especially inhibitors of the K_(v)1 subfamily of voltage gated K⁺ channels, more especially inhibitors K_(v)1.5 which has been linked to the ultra-rapidly activating delayed rectifier K⁺ current I_(Kur)) for the treatment of disorders such as arrhythmia and I_(Kur)-associated disorders:

where

-   X¹, X² and X³ are independently selected from N, NR⁶, (CR⁷)_(q),     (CHR⁷)_(q), or C═O, wherein the bonds connecting X¹, X² and X³ to     adjacent atoms may be single or double bonds forming a 5 to     7-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic ring; -   R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ are the same or different and are     independently selected from groups of the formula     —(CH₂)_(n)-(Z¹)_(m)-(CH₂)_(p)-Z²; or -   R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ may, in one or more pairs of two (such as R¹     and R², R¹ and R³, R² and R³, R³ and R⁴ or R⁴ and R⁵), together with     the atoms to which they are bonded, form a carbocyclic, substituted     carbocyclic, heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic group; or -   R⁶ and R⁷ may, in one or more pairs of two (such as R⁶ and R⁷, R⁶     and R⁶, or R⁷ and R⁷), together with the atoms to which they are     bonded, form a carbocyclic, substituted carbocyclic, heterocyclic or     substituted heterocyclic group; -   Z¹ is —CZ³Z⁴-, —O—, —NZ³-, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(O)—, —C(O)Z³-,     —C(O)NZ⁴-, —C(S)—, —C(═NOZ³)-, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl,     substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, carbocyclo,     substituted carbocyclo, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, or     substituted heterocyclo; -   Z² is hydrogen, —OZ⁵, —OC(O)Z⁵, —NZ⁵-C(O)-Z⁶, —NZ⁵-CO₂-Z⁶,     —NZ⁵(C═O)—NZ⁶Z⁷, —NZ⁵Z⁶, —NO₂, halo, —CN, —C(O)Z⁵, —CO₂Z⁵, —C(S)Z⁵,     —(C═NOZ⁵)Z⁶, —C(O)NZ⁵Z⁶, —C(S)NZ⁵Z⁶, —SZ⁵, —SOZ⁵, —SO₂Z⁵, —SO₂NZ⁵Z⁶,     alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl,     substituted alkynyl, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, aryl,     substituted aryl, heterocyclo (such as heteroaryl), or substituted     heterocyclo; -   Z³, Z⁴, Z⁵, Z⁶ and Z⁷ are independently hydrogen, halo, alkyl,     substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl,     substituted alkynyl, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, aryl,     substituted aryl, heterocyclo, or substituted heterocyclo; or -   Z³, Z⁴, Z⁵, Z⁶ and Z⁷ may, in one or more pairs of two (such as Z³     and Z⁴, Z⁵ and Z⁶ or Z⁶ and Z⁷), together with the atoms to which     they are bonded, form a carbocyclic, substituted carbocyclic,     heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic group; -   n and p are independently selected from integers from 0 to 10     wherein, when m is 0, p is also 0; -   m is an integer selected from 0 or 1; and -   q is an integer selected from 1 to 3.

The present invention provides novel methods for the prevention and treatment of arrhythmia and I_(Kur)-associated disorders employing one or more compounds of the formula I, enantiomers, diastereomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In particular the present invention provides a novel method for the selective prevention and treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias.

In addition, compounds within the formula I, as well as enantiomers, diastereomers and salts thereof are novel compounds, including compounds of formula I* and salts thereof:

where

-   -   X¹, X², X³, R¹, R², R⁴ and R⁵ are as defined above;     -   R³* is —OZ⁵, —OC(O)-Z⁵, —NZ⁵-C(O)₂-Z⁶, —NZ⁵(C═O)—NZ⁶Z⁷, —NZ⁵Z⁶,         —(C═NOZ⁵)Z⁶, —C(O)NZ⁵*Z⁶*, —C(S)NZ⁵*Z⁶*, —SZ⁵, —SOZ⁵, —SO²Z⁵,         —SO₂NZ⁵Z⁶, —C(o)Z³*-Z²*, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl,         alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl,         carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, aryl, substituted aryl,         heterocyclo or substituted heterocyclo;     -   Z²* is other than hydrogen when Z³* is heterocyclo;     -   Z³* is heterocyclo or substituted heterocyclo;     -   Z⁵* is substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl,         substituted alkynyl, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, aryl,         substituted aryl, heterocyclo, or substituted heterocyclo; and     -   Z⁶* is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted         alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, carbocyclo, substituted         carbocyclo, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, or substituted         heterocyclo, provided that Z^(6*) is not hydrogen when Z^(5*) is         unsubstituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted aryl, or unsubstituted         benzyl;     -   or Z⁵* and Z⁶* may together with the nitrogen atom to which they         are bonded form a heterocyclic group or substituted heterocyclic         group, provided that Z⁵* and Z⁶* do not together form         unsubstituted piperidinyl, unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, or         unsubstituted morpholinyl, and further provided that when         -   (i) R¹ and R⁵ are each hydrogen; and         -   (ii) R² is aryl or substituted aryl; and         -   (iii) R⁴ is heterocyclo-substituted aryl; and         -   (iv) X¹, X² and X³ form the ring

where R⁷* is H or alkyl

-   -   Z⁵* and Z⁶* do not together form unsubstituted piperazinyl or         N-alkyl-substituted piperazinyl;

Preferred Compounds

Compounds of the formula I and salts thereof wherein one or more, and especially all, of X¹, X², X³, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are selected from the following definitions, are preferred compounds of the present invention:

-   R¹ is hydrogen; -   R² is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl,     heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo or substituted     carbocyclo; -   R³ is —CH₂)_(n)-Z², —(CH₂)_(n)—C(O)Z³-(CH₂)_(p)-Z², or     —(CH₂)_(n)—C(O)NZ⁴-(CH₂)_(p)-Z; -   R⁴ is alkyl or substituted alkyl; and -   R⁵ is hydrogen, or —CH₂)_(n)-Z²; and -   X¹, X² and X³, together with the atoms to which they are bonded,     form a ring selected from:

where R⁶ and/or R⁷ are the same or different, as defined above.

Compounds of the formula I and salts thereof wherein one or more, and especially all, of X¹, X², X³, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are selected from the following definitions, are more preferred compounds of the present invention:

-   R¹ is hydrogen; -   R² is aryl (especially where aryl is phenyl), substituted aryl,     heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo or substituted     carbocyclo; -   R³ is —(CH₂)_(n)-Z², —(CH₂)_(n)—C(O)Z³-(CH₂)_(p)-Z², or     —(CH₂)_(n)—C(O)NZ⁴-(CH₂)_(p)-Z² wherein     -   Z² is selected from —C(O)NZ⁵Z⁶, —CO₂Z⁵, —SO₂Z⁵, —NZ⁵Z⁶,         —NZ⁵CO₂Z⁶, —NZ⁵C(O)Z⁶, —OZ⁵, aryl, substituted aryl,         heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, alkyl or substituted         alkyl;     -   Z³ is heterocyclo or substituted heterocyclo; and     -   n and p are independently selected from integers 0 to 3; -   R⁴ is alkyl, or substituted alkyl; -   R⁵ is hydrogen, or —(CH₂)_(n)-Z² wherein Z² is selected from     —C(O)NZ⁵Z⁶, —CO₂Z⁵, —NZ⁵Z⁶, aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl, or     substituted alkyl; and -   X¹, X² and X³, together with the atoms to which they are bonded,     form a ring selected from:

Compounds of the formula I and salts thereof wherein one or more, and especially all, of X¹, X², X³, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are selected from the following definitions, are most preferred compounds of the present invention:

-   R¹ is hydrogen; -   R² is aryl (especially where aryl is phenyl), substituted aryl,     heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo or substituted     carbocyclo; -   R³ is heterocyclo or substituted heterocyclo, —C(O)NZ⁵Z⁶,     —C(O)Z³-CONZ⁵Z⁶, —C(O)Z³-Z², or —C(O)Z³-CO₂Z⁵, wherein Z³ is     heterocyclo or substituted heterocyclo, and Z² is aryl or     substituted aryl; -   R⁴ is alkyl (especially lower alkyl) or substituted alkyl     (especially halo-substituted alkyl or alkoxy-substituted alkyl); -   R⁵ is hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl; and -   X¹, X² and X³, together with the atoms to which they are bonded,     form a ring selected from:

wherein

-   -   R⁶ is H or C(O)Z⁵, where Z⁵ is alkyl or carbocyclo; and     -   R⁷ is independently selected from H, alkyl, substituted alkyl         (especially halo-substituted), halo, or CN

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following are definitions of terms used in this specification. The initial definition provided for a group or term herein applies to that group or term throughout the present specification, individually or as part of another group, unless otherwise indicated.

The terms “alk” or “alkyl” refer to straight or branched chain hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, etc. Lower alkyl groups, that is, alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, are generally most preferred. The term “substituted alkyl” refers to alkyl groups substituted with one or more groups (such as by groups described above in the definition of R¹), preferably selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkylester (optionally substituted), arylester (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aryol (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amido, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, etc.

The term “alkenyl” refers to straight or branched chain hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and at least one double carbon to carbon bond (either cis or trans), such as ethenyl. The term “substituted alkenyl” refers to alkenyl groups substituted with one or more groups (such as by groups described above in the definition of R¹), preferably selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkylester (optionally substituted), arylester (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aryol (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amido, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, etc.

The term “alkynyl” refers to straight or branched chain hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and at least one triple carbon to carbon bond, such as ethynyl. The term “substituted alkynyl” refers to alkynyl groups substituted with one or more groups (such as by groups described above in the definition of R¹), preferably selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkylester (optionally substituted), arylester (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aryol (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amido, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, etc.

The terms “ar” or “aryl” refer to aromatic homocyclic (i.e., hydrocarbon) mono-, bi- or tricyclic ring-containing groups preferably having 6 to 12 members such as phenyl, naphthyl and biphenyl. Phenyl is a preferred aryl group. The term “substituted aryl” refers to aryl groups substituted with one or more groups (such as by groups described above in the definition of R¹), preferably selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl (optionally substituted), aryl (optionally substituted), heterocyclo (optionally substituted), halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aroyl, (optionally substituted), alkylester (optionally substituted), arylester (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amido, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, etc., where optionally one or more pair of substituents together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a 3 to 7 member ring.

The terms “cycloalkyl” and “cycloalkenyl” refer to mono-, bi- or tri homocylcic ring groups of 3 to 15 carbon atoms which are, respectively, fully saturated and partially unsaturated. The term “cycloalkenyl” includes bi- and tricyclic ring systems that are not aromatic as a whole, but contain aromatic portions (e.g. fluorene, tetrahydronapthalene, dihydroindene, and the like). The rings of multi-ring cycloalkyl groups may be either fused, bridged and/or joined through one or more spiro unions. The terms “substituted cycloalkyl” and “substituted cycloalkenyl” refer, respectively, to cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups substituted with one or more groups (such as by groups described above in the definition of R¹), preferably selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkylester (optionally substituted), arylester (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aryol (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amido, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, etc.

The terms “carbocyclo”, “carbocyclic” or “carbocyclic group” refer to both cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups. The terms “substituted carbocyclo”, “substituted carbocyclic” or “substituted carbocyclic group” refer to carbocyclo or carbocyclic groups substituted with one or more groups as described in the definition of cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl.

The terms “halogen” and “halo” refer to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.

The terms “heterocycle”, “heterocyclic”, “heterocyclic group” or “heterocyclo” refer to fully saturated or partially or completely unsaturated, including aromatic (“heteroaryl”) or nonaromatic cyclic groups (for example, 3 to 13 member monocyclic, 7 to 17 member bicyclic, or 10 to 20 member tricyclic ring systems, preferably containing a total of 3 to 10 ring atoms) which have at least one heteroatom in at least one carbon atom-containing ring. Each ring of the heterocyclic group containing a heteroatom may have 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms and/or sulfur atoms, where the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may optionally be oxidized and the nitrogen heteroatoms may optionally be quaternized. The heterocyclic group may be attached at any heteroatom or carbon atom of the ring or ring system. The rings of multi-ring heterocycles may be either fused, bridged and/or joined through one or more spiro unions.

Exemplary monocyclic heterocyclic groups include azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, oxetanyl, pyrazolinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolidinyl, furyl, tetrahydrofuryl, thienyl, oxadiazolyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, 2-oxopiperazinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2-oxopyrrolodinyl, 2-oxoazepinyl, azepinyl, 4-piperidonyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrazoyl, triazolyl, morpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl sulfoxide, thiamorpholinyl sulfone, 1,3-dioxolane and tetrahydro-1,1-dioxothienyl,

and the like.

Exemplary bicyclic heterocyclic groups include indolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothienyl, quinuclidinyl, quinolinyl, tetra-hydroisoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzopyranyl, indolizinyl, benzofuryl, benzofuranly, dihydrobenzofuranyl, chromonyl, coumarinyl, benzodioxolyl, dihydrobenzodioxolyl, benzodioxinyl, cinnolinyl, quinoxalinyl, indazolyl, pyrrolopyridyl, furopyridinyl (such as furo[2,3-c]pyridinyl, furo[3,2-b]pyridinyl] or furo[2,3-b]pyridinyl), dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroquinazolinyl (such as 3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-quinazolinyl), tetrahydroquinolinyl, azabicycloalkyls (such as 6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane), azaspiroalkyls (such as 1,4 dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane), imidazopyridinyl (such as imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl), triazolopyridinyl (such as 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-yl), and hexahydroimidazopyridinyl (such as 1,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl),

and the like.

Exemplary tricyclic heterocyclic groups include carbazolyl, benzidolyl, phenanthrolinyl, acridinyl, phenanthridinyl, xanthenyl and the like.

The terms “substituted heterocycle”, “substituted heterocyclic”, “substituted heterocyclic group” and “substituted heterocyclo” refer to heterocycle, heterocyclic and heterocyclo groups substituted with one or more groups (such as by groups described above in the definition of R¹), preferably selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, oxo, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo (optionally substituted), halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aroyl (optionally substituted), alkylester (optionally substituted), arylester (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amido, amino, substituted amino, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, etc., where optionally one or more pair of substituents together with the atoms to which they are bonded form a 3 to 7 member ring.

The term “alkanoyl” refers to alkyl group (which may be optionally substituted as described above) linked to a carbonyl group (i.e. —C(O)-alkyl). Similarly, the term “aroyl” refers to an aryl group (which may be optionally substituted as described above) linked to a carbonyl group (i.e., —C(O)-aryl).

Throughout the specification, groups and substituents thereof may be chosen to provide stable moieties and compounds.

The compounds of formula I form salts which are also within the scope of this invention. Reference to a compound of the formula I herein is understood to include reference to salts thereof, unless otherwise indicated. The term “salt(s)”, as employed herein, denotes acidic and/or basic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic acids and bases. In addition, when a compound of formula I contains both a basic moiety and an acidic moiety, zwitterions (“inner salts”) may be formed and are included within the term “salt(s)” as used herein. Pharmaceutically acceptable (i.e., non-toxic, physiologically acceptable) salts are preferred, although other salts are also useful, e.g., in isolation or purification steps which may be employed during preparation. Salts of the compounds of the formula I may be formed, for example, by reacting a compound I with an amount of acid or base, such as an equivalent amount, in a medium such as one in which the salt precipitates or in an aqueous medium followed by lyophilization.

The compounds of formula I which contain a basic moiety may form salts with a variety of organic and inorganic acids. Exemplary acid addition salts include acetates (such as those formed with acetic acid or trihaloacetic acid, for example, trifluoroacetic acid), adipates, alginates, ascorbates, aspartates, benzoates, benzenesulfonates, bisulfates, borates, butyrates, citrates, camphorates, camphorsulfonates, cyclopentanepropionates, digluconates, dodecylsulfates, ethanesulfonates, fumarates, glucoheptanoates, glycerophosphates, hemisulfates, heptanoates, hexanoates, hydrochlorides (formed with hydrochloric acid), hydrobromides (formed with hydrogen bromide), hydroiodides, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonates, lactates, maleates (formed with maleic acid), methanesulfonates (formed with methanesulfonic acid), 2-naphthalenesulfonates, nicotinates, nitrates, oxalates, pectinates, persulfates, 3-phenylpropionates, phosphates, picrates, pivalates, propionates, salicylates, succinates, sulfates (such as those formed with sulfuric acid), sulfonates (such as those mentioned herein), tartrates, thiocyanates, toluenesulfonates such as tosylates, undecanoates, and the like.

The compounds of formula I which contain an acidic moiety may form salts with a variety of organic and inorganic bases. Exemplary basic salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal salts such as sodium, lithium, and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts, salts with organic bases (for example, organic amines) such as benzathines, dicyclohexylamines, hydrabamines (formed with N,N-bis(dehydroabietyl)ethylenediamine), N-methyl-D-glucamines, N-methyl-D-glucamides, t-butyl amines, and salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine and the like.

Basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quaternized with agents such as lower alkyl halides (e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), dialkyl sulfates (e.g. dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and diamyl sulfates), long chain halides (e.g. decyl, lauryl, myristyl and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), aralkyl halides (e.g. benzyl and phenethyl bromides), and others.

Prodrugs and solvates of the compounds of the invention are also contemplated herein. The term “prodrug”, as employed herein, denotes a compound which, upon administration to a subject, undergoes chemical conversion by metabolic or chemical processes to yield a compound of the formula I, or a salt and/or solvate thereof. Solvates of the compounds of formula I are preferably hydrates.

To the extent that compounds of the formula I, and salts thereof, may exist in their tautomeric form, all such tautomeric forms are contemplated herein as part of the present invention.

All stereoisomers of the present compounds, such as those which may exist due to asymmetric carbons on the various R and Z substituents, including enantiomeric forms (which may exist even in the absence of asymmetric carbons) and diastereomeric forms, are contemplated within the scope of this invention. Individual stereoisomers of the compounds of the invention may, for example, be substantially free of other isomers, or may be admixed, for example, as racemates or with all other, or other selected, stereoisomers. The chiral centers of the present invention can have the S or R configuration as defined by the IUPAC 1974 Recommendations.

The terms “including”, “such as”, “for example” and the like are intended to refer to exemplary embodiments and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Schemes

Compounds of formula I may be prepared using the sequence of steps outlined below.

Compounds 1, 2 and 4 used in this preparation are commercially available or are readily prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art. For example compounds of formula 1 where R³=CONZ⁵Z⁶ can be prepared by the method of Witzeman (JOC 1991, 56(5), 1713) which involves warming an amine and a t-butoxy-β-ketoester neat or in a suitable solvent (xylenes, toluene, etc.)

Alternately compounds of formula 1 where R⁴=methyl and R³=CONZ⁵Z⁶ may be prepared by reaction of an amine with diketene in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane at temperatures between −100-22° C.

Compounds of formula 3 can be prepared by modification of the Knovenagel condensation. For example condensation of a compound of formula 1 and a compound of formula 2 at temperatures between 22-170° C. in solvents such as toluene or dimethylformamide in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid and an a base such as piperidine with removal of water generated during the reaction by the use of 4 Å dry molecular sieves or a Dean-Stark trap affords compounds of formula 3 as a mixture of cis and trans stereoisomers.

Compounds of formula I may also be prepared by condensation of compounds of formula 3 with compounds of formula 4 by warming at temperatures between 30-150° C. in alcoholic solvents such as ethanol or propanol or by warming between 30-150° C. in a solvent such as dimethylformamide and in the presence of a base such as sodium acetate.

Compounds of formula I where R³=ester may be prepared by condensation of compounds of formula 1, formula 2 and heterocycles of formula 4 by warming between temperatures of 30-150° C. in the presence of a base such as sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate in a suitable solvent such as dimethylformamide.

Compounds of formula I where R³=amide maybe prepared by treating compounds of formula I where R³=ester with a suitable amine and trimethylaluminium in a solvent such as toluene at temperatures between 0-150° C.

Compounds of formula I where R³=amide may also be prepared by condensing compounds of formula I where R³=COOH with a suitable amine by amidation methods well known to those skilled in the art. For example treatment of a compound of formula I where R³=COOH with 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) and dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) in a solvent such as dichloromethane affords compounds of formula I where R³=amide.

Compounds of formula I where R⁵ is a substituent other than hydrogen may be formed by reacting a compound of formula 5 with a reactive species M-R⁵ such that a compound of formula Ia is obtained, where M is Cl, Br, OR etc., and R⁵ is as defined above (other than hydrogen).

Compounds of formula I where X¹, X² and X³ form a ring of the structure

where R⁶ is a substituent other than hydrogen may be formed by reacting a compound of formula 7 with a reactive species M-R⁶ such that a compound of formula Ib is obtained where M is Cl, Br, OR, etc. and R⁶ is as defined above.

Compounds of formula Ic where R³ is a amino containing heterocycle may be formed by condensing compounds of formula I where R³ is an acid or ester with an amine which is attached through a linker to M. M may be NH₂, NHR, SH, or OH. The linker unit may be selected such that unsubstituted, substituted or fused heterocycles are formed.

Additional compounds within the scope of the present invention can be prepared from the compounds obtained by the above described methods through conversion of the substituent groups to other functionality by the usual methods of chemical synthesis, as illustrated in the following examples.

Compounds of formula I that contain chiral centers maybe obtained in non-racemic form by non-racemic synthesis or resolution by methods well known to those skilled in the art. Compounds that are non-racemic are designated as “chiral” in the examples.

In the examples described below it may be necessary to protect reactive functionality such as hydroxy, amino, thio or carboxy groups, where these are desired in the final product, to avoid their unwanted participation in reactions. The introduction and removal of protecting groups are well known to those skilled in the art, for example see (Green, T. W. in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”, John Wiley and Sons, 1991).

Utility

Compounds within the scope of the present invention inhibit the K_(v)1 subfamily of voltage-gated K⁺ channels, and as such are useful in the treatment and/or prevention of various disorders: cardiac arrhythmias, including supraventricular arrhythmias, atrial arrhythmias, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, complications of cardiac ischemia, and use as heart rate control agents; angina pectoris including relief of Prinzmetal's symptoms, vasospastic symptoms and variant symptoms; gastrointestinal disorders including reflux esauphagitis, functional dispepsia, motility disorders (including constipation and diarrhea), and irritable bowel syndrome; disorders of vascular and visceral smooth muscle including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, adult respiratory distress syndrome, peripheral vascular disease (including intermittent claudication), venous insufficiency, impotence, cerebral and coronary spasm and Raynaud's disease; inflammatory and immunological disease including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, graft rejection, asthma. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis and atherosclerosis; cell poliferative disorders including restenosis and cancer (including leukemia); disorders of the auditory system; disorders of the visual system including macular degeneration and cataracts; diabetes including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy; muscle disease including myotonia and wasting; peripheral neuropathy; cognitive disorders; migraine; memory loss including Alzheimer's and dementia; CNS mediated motor dysfunction including Parkinson's disease, and ataxia; epilepsy; and other ion channel mediated disorders.

As inhibitors of the K_(v)1 subfamily of voltage-gated K⁺ channels compounds of the present invention are useful to treat a variety of disorders including resistance by transplantation of organs or tissue, graft-versus-host diseases brought about by medulla ossium transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, hashimoto's thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, type I diabetes uveitis, juvenile-onset or recent-onset diabetes mellitus, posterior uveitis, allergic encephalomyelitis, glomerulonephritis, infectious diseases caused by pathogenicmicroorganisms, inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin diseases, psoriasis, atopical dermatitis, contact dermatitis, eczematous dermatitises, seborrhoeis dermatitis, Lichen planus, Pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, Epidermolysis bullosa, urticaria, angioedemas, vasculitides, erythemas, cutaneous eosinophilias, Lupus erythematosus, acne, Alopecia areata, keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, uveitis associated with Behcet's disease, keratitis, herpetic keratitis, conical cornea, dystrophia epithelialis corneae, corneal leukoma, ocular pemphigus, Mooren's ulcer Scleritis, Graves' opthalmopathy, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, sarcoidosis, pollen allergies, reversible obstructive airway disease, bronchial asthma, allergic asthma, intrinsic asthma, extrinsic asthma, dust asthma, chronic or inveterate asthma, late asthma and airway hyper-responsiveness, bronchitis, gastric ulcers, vascular damage caused by ischemic diseases and thrombosis, ischemic bowel diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal lesions associated with thermal burns and leukotriene B₄-mediated diseases, Coeliaz diseases, proctitis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, mastocytosis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, migraine, rhinitis, eczema, interstitial nephritis, Good-pasture's syndrome, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy, multiple myositis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Meniere's disease, polyneuritis, multiple neuritis, mononeuritis, radiculopathy, hyperthroidism, Basedow's disease, pure red cell aplasia, aplastic anemia, hypoplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis, pernicious anemia, megaloblastic anemia, anerythroplasia, osteoporosis, sarcoidosis, fibroid lung, idopathic interstitial pneumonia, dermatomyositis, leukoderma vulgaris, ichthyosis vulgaris, photoallergic sensitivity, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, aortitis syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa, myocardosis, scleroderma, Wegener's granuloma, Sjogren's syndrome, adiposis, eosinophilic fascitis, lesions of gingiva, periodontium, alveolar bone, substantia osses dentis, glomerulonephritis, male pattern alopecia or alopecia senilis by preventing epilation or providing hair germination and/or promoting hair generation and hair growth, muscular dystrophy; Pyoderma and Sezary's syndrome, Addison's disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury of organs which occurs upon preservation, transplantation or ischemic disease, endotoxin-shock, pseudomembranous colitis, colitis caused by drug or radiation, ischemic acute renal insufficiency, chronic renal insufficiency, toxinosis caused by lung-oxygen or drugs, lung cancer, pulmonary emphysema, cataracta, siderosis, retinitis, pigentosa, senile macular degeneration, vitreal scarring, corneal alkali burn, dermatitis erythema multiforme, linear IgA ballous dermatitis and cement dermatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis, sepsis, pancreatitis, diseases caused by environmental pollution, aging, carcinogenis, metastatis of carcinoma and hypobaropathy, disease caused by histamine or leukotriene-C₄ release, Behcet's disease, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis sclerosing cholangitis, partial liver resection, acute liver necrosis, necrosis caused by toxin, viral hepatitis, shock, or anoxia, B-virus hepatitis, non-A/non-B hepatitis, cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatic failure, fulminant hepatic failure, late-onset hepatic failure, “acute-on-chronic” liver failure, augention of chemotherapeutic effect, cytomegalovirus infection, HCMV infection, AIDS, cancer, senile dementia, trauma, and chronic bacterial infection.

The compounds of the present invention are antiarrhythmic agents which are useful in the prevention and treatment (including partial alleviation or cure) of arrhythmias. As inhibitors of K_(v)1.5 compounds within the scope of the present invention are particularly useful in the selective prevention and treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter. By “selective prevention and treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias” is meant the prevention or treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias wherein the ratio of the prolongation of the atrial effective refractory period to the prolongation of the ventricular effective refractory period is greater than 1:1. This ratio is preferably greater than 4:1, more preferably greater than 10:1, and most preferably such that prolongation of the atrial effective refractory response period is achieved without significantly detectable prolongation of the ventricular effective refractory period.

In addition, the compounds within the scope of the present invention block I_(Kur), and thus may be useful in the prevention and treatment of all I_(Kur)-associated conditions. An “I_(Kur)-associated condition” is a disorder which may be prevented, partially alleviated or cured by the administration of an I_(Kur) blocker. The Kv1.5 gene is known to be expressed in stomach tissue, intestinal/colon tissue, the pulmonary artery, and pancreatic beta cells. Thus, administration of an I_(Kur) blocker could provide useful treatment for disorders such as: reflux esauphagitis, functional dispepsia, constipation, asthma, and diabetes. Additionally, Kv1.5 is known to be expressed in the anterior pituitary. Thus, administration of an I_(Kur) blocker could stimulate growth hormone secretion. I_(Kur) inhibitors can additionally be useful in cell poliferative disorders such as leukemia, and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and transplant rejection.

The present invention thus provides methods for the prevention or treatment of one or more of the aforementioned disorders, comprising the step of administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of at least one compound of the formula I. Other therapeutic agents such as those described below may be employed with the inventive compounds in the present methods. In the methods of the present invention, such other therapeutic agent(s) may be administered prior to, simultaneously with or following the administration of the compound(s) of the present invention.

The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one of the compounds of the formula I or salts thereof capable of preventing or treating one or more of the aforementioned disorders in an amount effective therefor, and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or diluent. The compositions of the present invention may contain other therapeutic agents as described below, and may be formulated, for example, by employing conventional solid or liquid vehicles or diluents, as well as pharmaceutical additives of a type appropriate to the mode of desired administration (for example, excipients, binders, preservatives, stabilizers, flavors, etc.) according to techniques such as those well known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation.

The compounds of the formula I may be administered by any suitable means, for example, orally, such as in the form of tablets, capsules, granules or powders; sublingually; bucally; parenterally, such as by subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, or intrasternal injection or infusion techniques (e.g., as sterile injectable aqueous or non-aqueous solutions or suspensions); nasally such as by inhalation spray; topically, such as in the form of a cream or ointment; or rectally such as in the form of suppositories; in dosage unit formulations containing non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles or diluents. The present compounds may, for example, be administered in a form suitable for immediate release or extended release. Immediate release or extended release may be achieved by the use of suitable pharmaceutical compositions comprising the present compounds, or, particularly in the case of extended release, by the use of devices such as subcutaneous implants or osmotic pumps. In the case where the compounds of formula I are being administered to prevent or treat arrhythmias, the compounds may be administered to achieve chemical conversion to normal sinus rhythm, or may optionally be used in conjunction with electrical cardioconversion.

Exemplary compositions for oral administration include suspensions which may contain, for example, microcrystalline cellulose for imparting bulk, alginic acid or sodium alginate as a suspending agent, methylcellulose as a viscosity enhancer, and sweeteners or flavoring agents such as those known in the art; and immediate release tablets which may contain, for example, microcrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate, starch, magnesium stearate and/or lactose and/or other excipients, binders, extenders, disintegrants, diluents and lubricants such as those known in the art. The compounds of formula I may also be delivered through the oral cavity by sublingual and/or buccal administration. Molded tablets, compressed tablets or freeze-dried tablets are exemplary forms which may be used. Exemplary compositions include those formulating the present compound(s) with fast dissolving diluents such as mannitol, lactose, sucrose and/or cyclodextrins. Also included in such formulations may be high molecular weight excipients such as celluloses (avicel) or polyethylene glycols (PEG). Such formulations may also include an excipient to aid mucosal adhesion such as hydroxy propyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC), maleic anhydride copolymer (e.g., Gantrez), and agents to control release such as polyacrylic copolymer (e.g., Carbopol 934). Lubricants, glidants, flavors, coloring agents and stabilizers may also be added for ease of fabrication and use.

Exemplary compositions for nasal aerosol or inhalation administration include solutions in saline which may contain, for example, benzyl alcohol or other suitable preservatives, absorption promoters to enhance bioavailability, and/or other solubilizing or dispersing agents such as those known in the art.

Exemplary compositions for parenteral administration include injectable solutions or suspensions which may contain, for example, suitable non-toxic, parenterally acceptable diluents or solvents, such as mannitol, 1,3-butanediol, water, Ringer's solution, an isotonic sodium chloride solution, or other suitable dispersing or wetting and suspending agents, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides, and fatty acids, including oleic acid.

Exemplary compositions for rectal administration include suppositories which may contain, for example, a suitable non-irritating excipient, such as cocoa butter, synthetic glyceride esters or polyethylene glycols, which are solid at ordinary temperatures, but liquify and/or dissolve in the rectal cavity to release the drug.

Exemplary compositions for topical administration include a topical carrier such as Plastibase (mineral oil gelled with polyethylene).

The effective amount of a compound of the present invention may be determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, and includes exemplary dosage amounts for an adult human of from about 0.001 to 100 mg/kg of body weight of active compound per day, which may be administered in a single dose or in the form of individual divided doses, such as from 1 to 4 times per day. It will be understood that the specific dose level and frequency of dosage for any particular subject may be varied and will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of action of that compound, the species, age, body weight, general health, sex and diet of the subject, the mode and time of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, and severity of the particular condition. Preferred subjects for treatment include animals, most preferably mammalian species such as humans, and domestic animals such as dogs, cats and the like, subject to the aforementioned disorders.

The compounds of the present invention may be employed alone or in combination with each other and/or other suitable therapeutic agents useful in the treatment of the aforementioned disorders or other disorders, including: other antiarrhythmic agents such as Class I agents (e.g., propafenone), Class II agents (e.g., carvadiol and propranolol), Class III agents (e.g., sotalol, dofetilide, amiodarone, azimilide and ibutilide), Class IV agents (e.g., diltiazem and verapamil), 5HT antagonists (e.g., sulamserod, serraline and tropsetron), and dronedarone; calcium channel blockers (both L-type and T-type) such as diltiazem, verapamil, nifedipine, amlodipine and mybefradil; Cyclooxygenase inibitors (i.e., COX-1 and/or COX-2 inhibitors) such as aspirin, indomethacin, ibuprofen, piroxicam, naproxen, celebrex, vioxx and NSAIDs; anti-platelet agents such as GPIIb/IIIa blockers (e.g., abciximab, eptifibatide and tirofiban), P2Y12 antagonists (e.g., clopidogrel, ticlopidine and CS-747), thromboxane receptor antagonists (e.g., ifetroban), aspirin, and PDE-III inhibitors (e.g., dipyridamole) with or without aspirin; diruetics such as chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, flumethiazide, hydroflumethiazide, bendroflumethiazide, methylchlorothiazide, trichloromethiazide, polythiazide, benzthiazide, ethacrynic acid tricrynafen, chlorthalidone, furosemide, musolimine, bumetanide, triamtrenene, amiloride, and spironolactone; anti-hypertensive agents such as alpha adrenergic blockers, beta adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, renin inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, (e.g., captropril, zofenopril, fosinopril, enalapril, ceranopril, cilazopril, delapril, pentopril, quinapril, ramipril, lisinopril), A II antagonists (e.g., losartan, irbesartan, valsartan), ET antagonists (e.g. sitaxsentan, atrsentan and compounds disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,612,359 and 6,043,265), Dual ET/AII antagonist (e.g., compounds disclosed in WO 00/01389), neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibitors, vasopepsidase inhibitors (dual NEP-ACE inhibitors) (e.g., omapatrilat and gemopatrilat), nitrates, and combinations of such anti-hypertensive agents; antithrombotic/thrombolytic agents such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), recombinant tPA, tenecteplase (TNK), lanoteplase (nPA), factor VIIa inhibitors, factor Xa inhibitors, thromin inibitors (e.g., hirudin and argatroban), PAI-1 inhibitors (i.e., inactivators of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitors), □2-antiplasmin inhibitors, streptokinase, urokinase, prourokinase, anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex, and animal or salivary gland plasminogen activators; anticoagulants such as warfarin and heparins (including unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins such as enoxaparin and dalteparin); HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors such as pravastatin lovastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin, NK-104 (a.k.a. itavastatin, or nisvastatin or nisbastatin) and ZD-4522 (a.k.a. rosuvastatin, or atavastatin or visastatin); other cholesterol/lipid lowering agents such as squalene synthetase inhibitors, fibrates, and bile acid sequestrants (e.g., questran); antipoliferative agents such as cyclosporin A, taxol, FK 506, and adriamycin; antitumor agents such as taxol, adriamycin, epothilones, cisplatin and carboplatin; anti-diabetic agents such as biguanides (e.g. metformin), glucosidase inhibitors (e.g. acarbose), insulins, meglitinides (e.g. repaglinide), sulfonylureas (e.g. glimepiride, glyburide and glipizide), biguanide/glyburide combinations (i.e,. glucovance), thiozolidinediones (e.g. troglitazone, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone), PPAR-gamma agonists, aP2 inhibitors, and DP4 inhibitors; thyroid mimetics (including thyroid receptor antagonists) (e.g., thyrotropin, polythyroid, KB-130015, and dronedarone); Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists such as spironolactone and eplerinone; growth hormone secretagogues; anti-osteoporosis agents (e.g., alendronate and raloxifene); hormone replacement therapy agents such as estrogen (including conjugated estrogens in premarin), and estradiol; antidepressants such as nefazodone and sertraline; antianxiety agents such as diazepam, lorazepam, buspirone, and hydroxyzine pamoate; oral contraceptives; anti-ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease agents such as famotidine, ranitidine, and omeprazole; anti-obesity agents such as orlistat; cardiac glycosides including digitalis and ouabain; phosphodiesterase inibitors including PDE III inhibitors (e.g. cilostazol), and PDE V inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil); protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors; steroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as prednisone, and dexamethasone; and other anti-inflammatory agents such as enbrel.

The above other therapeutic agents, when employed in combination with the compounds of the present invention, may be used, for example, in those amounts indicated in the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) or as otherwise determined by one of ordinary skill in the art.

Assays to determine the degree of activity of a compound as an I_(Kur)inhibitor are well known in the art and are described in references such as J. Gen. Physiol. April;101(4):513-43, and Br. J. Pharmacol. 1995 May;115(2):267-74.

Assays to determine the degree of activity of a compound as an inhibitor of other members of the K_(v)1 subfamily are also well known in the art. For example, inhibition of Kv1.1, K_(v)1.2 and K_(v) 1.3 can be measured using procedures described by

Grissmer S, et al., Mol Pharmacol 1994 June;45(6):1227-34. Inhibition of Kv1.4 can be measured using procedures described by Petersen K R, and Nerbonne J M, Pflugers Arch 1999 February;437(3):381-92. Inhibition of Kv1.6 can be measured using procedures described by Bowlby M R, and Levitan I B, J Neurophysiol 1995 June;73(6):2221-9. And inhibition of Kv1.7 can be measured using procedures described by Kalman K, et al., J. Biol Chem 1998 March 6;273(10):5851-7.

Compounds within the scope of the present invention demonstrate activity in K_(v)1 assays such as the ones described above.

All documents cited in the present specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The following examples and preparations describe the manner and process of making and using the invention and are illustrative rather than limiting. It is to be understood that there may be other embodiments which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto. Abbreviations employed herein are defined below.

-   CDI=carbonyl diimidazole -   DCM=dichloromethane -   DMAP=dimethylaminopyridine -   DMF=dimethylformamide -   DMPU=1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone -   EDCI (or EDC)=1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide     hydrochloride -   M+H=monoisotopic mass plus one proton -   Et=ethyl -   h=hours -   HPLC=high performance liquid chromatography -   HOBT=hydroxybenzotriazole -   LC/MS=liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry -   Me=methyl -   min=minutes -   MS=mass spectrometry -   NaOAc=sodium acetate -   Ph=phenyl -   PPA=poly phosphoric acid -   Pr=propyl -   Py=pyridine -   PyBrOP=bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate -   RT=room temperature -   Rt=retention time -   TEA=triethylamine -   TFA=trifluoroacetic acid -   TLC=thin layer chromatography -   THF=tetrahydrofuran -   TMSOTf=trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

EXAMPLE 1 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid methyl ester

Method:

Step A: A mixture of methyl acetoacetate 1 (5 mL, 46 mmol), 2,3-dichlorobenzaldehyde 2 (8.1 g, 46 mmol), piperidine (1.1 ml, 12 mmol), and acetic acid (0.6 mL, 11 mmol) in toluene (200 mL) was refluxed overnight with azeotropic removal of water via a Dean-Stark trap. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, quenched with water, transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with aqueous NaOH (1M), aqueous HCl (1M), water and brine and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, 33% Ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 10.8 g (85% yield) of compound 3 as a mixture of diasteromers. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient (10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA-90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Diastereomer A, Rt=3.51 min, (53%) Diastereomer B, Rt=3.70 min (45%). MS (M+H: 273).

Step B: A mixture of compound 3 (5 g, 18.3 mmol), 3-aminopyrazole 4 (1.5 g, 18.3 mmol) in 1-propanol (60 mL) was refluxed for 6 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated and recrystallized from ethyl acetate/hexanes to give 1.25 g (20%) of the title compound as a yellow solid. The mother liquor was concentrated and purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, 5% methanol/dichloromethane) to give an additional 1.62 g (26%) of the title compound. Combined yield 2.87 g (46%). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient (10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA-90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.38 min, (96% pure). MS (M+H: 338). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) 7.98(1H, app. s), 7.15(3H, m), 6.91(1H, s), 5.52(1H, app. s), 3.61(3H, s), 2.39(3H, s).

EXAMPLES 2 AND 3

The compounds of Examples 2 and 3, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 1.

Ex- am- (M + ple Structure Name H) 2

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxylic acid methyl ester 338 3

7-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxylic acid methyl ester 303

EXAMPLE 4 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

Method 1:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared by condensing t-butoxyacetoacetate and 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde as described in Example 1 step A.

Title Compound: A mixture of compound 1 (44.4 g, 141 mmol), 3-aminopyrazole 2 (17.6 g 212 mmol) and sodium acetate (46.3 g, 564 mmol) in dimethylformamide (300 mL) was stirred at 70° C. overnight (17 h). The mixture was cooled to room temperature, transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with water and ethyl acetate, washed with water (a small amount of methanol was added to breakup emulsions that formed) and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. A precipitate formed. The precipitate was collected and washed with ethyl acetate, ethyl ether and hexanes and dried to give 8.93 g. The mother liquor was concentrated to give a second crop of precipitate 9.32 g. LC/MS analysis indicated the precipitates were not pure. The precipitates were combined, dissolved in dichloromethane and concentrated onto enough silica gel such that a free flowing powder was obtained. The resulting powder was loaded onto a chromatography column prepacked with silica gel and dichloromethane. Elution with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane gave 15.1 g (29% yield) of the title compound. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient (10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA-90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.63 min, (97% pure). MS (M+H: 380). HMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz) 7.41(2H, m), 7.33(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 7.08(1H, m), 6.21(1H, s), 5.68(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 2.43(3H, s), 1.37(9H, s).

Method 2:

A mixture of t-butoxyacetoacetate 1 (22.6 g, 143 mmol), 3,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde 2 (25.0 g, 143 mmol), 3-aminopyrazole 3 (15.4 g, 185 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (36 g, 428 mmol) in dimethylformamide (250 mL) was stirred at 70° C. overnight (18 h). The mixture was cooled to room temperature, quenched with ethyl acetate and water, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate/hexanes to give 16.8 g (31% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. Data for the title compound is given in method 1.

EXAMPLES 5 AND 6

The compounds of Examples 5 and 6, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 4, Method 1.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 5

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxylic acid 1,1- dimethylethyl ester 448 6

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxylic acid 1,1- dimethylethyl ester 448

EXAMPLES 7-11

The compounds of Examples 7-11, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 4, Method 2. The compound of Example 4, method 2 could be resolved into the corresponding enantiomers A (Example 8) and B (Example 9) by preparative chiral HPLC (Chiralcel OD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 7% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine amine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ. Analytical HPLC (Chiralcel OD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 10% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine amine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A (Rt=6.98 min, 98% ee) enantiomer B (Rt=9.22 min, 98% ee).

Example Structure Name (M + H) 7

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 380 8

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethylester, enantiomer A 380 9

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethylester, enantiomer B 380 10 

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-2,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 394 11 

3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 380

EXAMPLE 12 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 4, method 1.

Title Compound: Sodium hydride (0.186 g, 7.76 mmol) was added to a 0° C. solution of 1 (2.27 g, 5.97 mmol) in dimethylformamide (30 mL). After 10 min., methyl iodide (0.41 mL, 6.57 mmol) was added. After an additional 85 min, the mixture was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride solution, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated ammonium chloride, water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated onto enough silica gel such that a free flowing powder was obtained. The resulting powder was loaded onto a chromatography column prepacked with 100% dichloromethane. Elution with 0-10% ethyl acetate/dichloromethane gave 1.16 g (49%) of the tile compound as a slightly yellow solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.46 min, (96% pure). MS (M+H: 394). HMR (CD₃Cl, 400 MHz) 7.39(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 7.35(1H, m), 7.23(1H, m), 7.11(1H, m), 6.91(1H, s), 5.58(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 2.38(3H, s), 2.62(3H, s), 1.27(9H, s).

EXAMPLE 13 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to that provided in Example 12 yielding a compound with (M+H): 394.

EXAMPLE 14 4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl-7-(1-methylethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

Method:

A pressure tube was dried with a heat gun under nitrogen. The pressure tube was charged in the following order with isobutyraldehyde 2 (0.262 g, 3.63 mmol), dimethylformamide (3 mL), t-butylacetoacetate 1 (0.574 g, 3.63 mmol), 3-aminopyrazole 3 (0.362 g, 4.36 mmol) and sodium acetate (1.22 g, 14.5 mmol). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen. The tube was sealed and warmed to 75° C. and stirred overnight. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with ethyl acetate to a volume of 20 mL, washed with lithium chloride (2.4M, 10 mL) and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give 1.02 of a yellow oil. The oil was purified by flash chromatography (silica, 45% ethyl acetate/heptane) to give 0.42 g (41% yield) of the title compound. Reverse Phase HPLC: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% PPA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% PPA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.83 min, (100% pure). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.06 min. MS (EM, M+1: 278). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 7.37(1H, d, J=2.2 Hz), 6.35(1H, s), 5.55(1H, d, J=1.8 Hz), 5.29(1H, d, J=2.2 Hz), 2.41(3H, s), 1.50(9H, s), 1.28-1.19(1H, m), 1.07(3H, d, J=7.0 Hz), 0.60(3H, d, J=7.0 Hz).

EXAMPLE 15 7-Cyclopropyl-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to that provided in Example 14 yielding a compound with (M+H): 275.

EXAMPLE 16 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 4.

Title Compound: HCl (4M in dioxane) was added to solid compound 1 (1.13 g, 2.97 mmol) at room temperature. The solid dissolves and a precipitate forms. The resulting thick reaction mixture was allowed to stir overnight and was concentrated in vacuo to give 1.14 g (120% contains dioxane) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H2O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.54 min, (93% pure). MS (M+H: 324). HMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz) 7.96(1H, d, J=3 Hz), 7.51(2H, m), 7.21(1H, m), 6.49(1H, s), 6.11(1H, d, J=3 Hz), 2.51(3H, s). The title compound was used in subsequent reactions without further purification.

EXAMPLE 17 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 (the compound of Example 5) was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 4.

Title Compound: Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.873 mL, 4.82 mmol) was added to a room temperature solution of compound 1 (1.08 g, 2.41 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL). After 2 h triethylamine (0.672 ml, 4.82 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was poured into water. The organic layer was separated and dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated, and purified by flash chromatography (50% ethylacetate/hexane→100% ethyl acetate) to give 0.71 g (75% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. MS (M+H: 392).

EXAMPLE 18 1-[[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

Method 1:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 1.

Title Compound: Trimethylaluminium (1.1 mL, 2.2 mmol, 2 M in toluene) was dropwise added to a room temperature solution of 1-phenypiperazine 2 (0.4 mL, 2.2 mmol) in toluene (7 mL). After one hour compound 1 (0.50 g, 1.5 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 18 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with aqueous HCl (1M), water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes followed by 5% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.22 g (32%) of a solid which was further purified by recrystallization from methanol/ethyl ether to give 0.15 g (22%) of the title compound. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, SolventB: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.58 min, (92% pure). MS (M+H: 468). Additional Data for the title compound is reported in Method 2, step C variation 1.

Method 2:

Step A Variation 1: A mixture of N-phenylpiperazine 1 (6.7 mL, 41 mmol) and t-butoxyacetoacetate 2 (6.8 mL, 45 mmol) in toluene (50 mL) was refluxed overnight. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with ethyl ether and extracted (3×) with aqueous HCl (1M). The HCl extracts were combined and washed with ethyl ether (2×), made basic (pH 9) with aqueous NaOH (50% w/w) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extracts were combined, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give 9.76 g (97.6%) of compound 4 as a thick amber oil. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, SolventB: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=1.65 min, (100% pure). MS (M+H: 247). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) 7.28(2H, m), 6.91(3H, m), 3.80(2H, m), 3.78(2H, m), 3.59(4H, m), 3.19(4H, m), 2.30(3H, s).

Step A Variation 2: Diketene 3 (5.50 g, 65.5 mmol) was slowly added over 15 min. to a 0° C. solution of 4-phenylpiperazine 1 (5.31 g, 32.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL). TLC after 4 h indicated compound 1 was not completely consumed. Additional diketene (5.50 g, 65.5 mmol) was added. After an additional 1.5 h the reaction was quenched with 1N NaOH, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with 1H NaOH and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated onto enough silica gel such that a free flowing powder was obtained. The resulting powder was loaded onto a chromatography column prepacked with silica and 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes. Elution with 50-100% ethylacetate/hexanes gave 8.2 g (100%) of compound 4 as a thick yellow oil. Data for compound 4 is given above in step A variation 1.

Step B: A mixture of compound 4 (9.76 g, 40 mmol), 2,3-dichlorobenzaldehyde 6 (7.89 g, 45 mmol), piperidine (1.0 ml, 10 mmol), acetic acid (0.59 mL, 10 mmol) in toluene (100 mL) was refluxed overnight with azeotropic removal of water via a Dean-Stark trap. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo and was typically used in subsequent reactions without purification. Compound 6 may be Purified by silica gel chromatography (30-40% ethyl acetate/hexanes). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, WV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, SolventB: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.83 min, (96% pure). MS (M+H: 404). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) 7.82(1H, s), 7.55(1H, dd, J=1, 8 Hz), 7.48(1H, dd, J=1, 8 Hz), 7.23(3H, m), 6.89(1H, app. t, 7 Hz), 6.81(2H, d, J=8 Hz), 3.78(2H, m), 3.34(1H, m), 3.23(2H, m), 2.96(1H, m), 2.85(1H, m), 2.50(3H, s), 2.42(1H, M).

Step C Variation 1: A mixture of compound 6 (16 g, 40 mmol), 3-aminopyrazole 7 (5.1 g 62 mmol) and sodium acetate (10.1 g, 123 mmol) in dimethylformamide (100 mL) was stirred at 70° C. overnight (17 h). The mixture was cooled to room temperature, transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with water and ethyl acetate, washed with water (a small amount of methanol was added to breakup emulsions that formed) and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel chromatography. Elution with 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes followed by 100% ethyl acetate afforded 6.2 g (33% yield from compound 1) of the title compound. The title compound could be resolved into the corresponding enantiomers A (Example 28) and B (Example 29) by preparative chiral HPLC (Chiracel OD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine amine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=42 min, enantiomer B Rt=54 min. Analytical HPLC (Chiracel OD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine amine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=11.7 min, enantiomer B Rt=17.6 min. Data given for enantiomer A: Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.54 min, (91% pure). MS (M+H: 468). HMR (HCl salt of 8a, CD₃OD, 400 MHz) 7.94(1H, d, J=3 Hz), 7.56(8H, m), 7.38(1H, m), 6.05(1H, d, J=3 Hz), 4.23(1H, m), 3.57(7H, m), 2.01(3H, s).

Step C Variation 2: A mixture of compound 5 (6.0 g, 15 mmol), 3-aminopyrazole 7 (1.24 g, 15 mmol) in n-propanol (50 mL) was refluxed overnight (19 h). The mixture was cooled to room temperature, transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with ethyl acetate. An attempt to wash the solution with saturated ammonium chloride resulted in the formation of a precipitate. The precipitate was dissolved with water and methanol. The resulting mixture was washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel chromatography. Elution with 70% ethyl acetate/hexanes followed by 100% ethyl acetate afforded 2.7 g (39% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. The title compound could be resolved into the corresponding enantiomers A and B as described in Step C variation 1.

EXAMPLES 19-27

The compounds of Examples 19-27, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 1.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 19

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 468 20

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- propylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 365 21

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- phenyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 399 22

4-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]morpholine 393 23

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- propylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 365 24

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- phenylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 399 25

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (2-phenylethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 427 26

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (2-phenylethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 427 27

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- 3-pyridinylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 400

EXAMPLES 28-82

The compounds of Examples 28-82, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

HPLC resolution of Example 47, Chiralcel OD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 50) and B (Example 51). Chiralcel OD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=9.8 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=14.2 min, >99% ee.

HPLC resolution of Example 70, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 15% ethanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 72) and B (Example 71). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 15% ethanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=6.9 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=13.4 min, >99% ee.

HPLC resolution of Example 80, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 25% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 81) and B (Example 82). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=5.3 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=7.1 min, >99% ee.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 28

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine, enantiomer A 468 29

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine, enantiomer B 468 30

1-[[7-(4-Chlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 433 31

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 413 32

4-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]morpholine 393 33

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-methyl- piperazine 406 34

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 413 35

7-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 378 36

4-[[7-(4-Chlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]morpholine 358 37

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]piperidine 391 38

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]piperidine 391 39

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (3-phenylpropyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 441 40

1-[[5-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-5,8- dihydro-7-methyl- imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine 468 41

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(phenyl- methyl)piperidine 481 42

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(phenyl- methyl)piperazine 482 43

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N,N- dipropylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 407 44

1-[[7-(3-Chlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 451 45

1-[[7-(3,4-Difluorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 453 46

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 469 47

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 486 48

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4- [(4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-7- phenylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl)carbonyl]piperazine 417 49

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 484 50

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 486 51

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 486 52

1-[[5-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-5,8- dihydro-7-methyl- imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine 468 53

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[[7- (3-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-piperazine 435 54

1-[[7-(3,5- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 486 55

1-[(7-Cyclohexyl-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl)carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 405 56

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl)carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine 469 57

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine 482 58

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6- [(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)- carbonyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 540 59

1-[[4-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,6,7,8- tetrahydro-2-methyl-1H- pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidin- 3-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine 484 60

4-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-1- piperazinecarboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 492 61

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 482 62

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- phenylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 544 63

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- N-(3-phenylpropyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 455 64

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1,1- dimethylethyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 524 65

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperidine 467 66

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6- [[(3-phenylpropyl)amino] carbonyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 513 67

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6- [(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)- carbonyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester 540 68

1-[[3-Cyano-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 511 69

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 554 70

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 554 71

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 554 72

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 554 73

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (3-phenylpropyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 509 74

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- [[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1- pipera-zinyl]carbonyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 2-carboxylic acid methyl ester 544 75

(2S)-1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 489 76

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-2-fluoro- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 504 77

(2S)-1-[[2-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 455 78

(2S)-1-[[2-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 455 79

(2S)-1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-2-fluoro-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 439 80

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 500 81

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 500 82

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 500

EXAMPLE 83 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N,N-dipropylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 18, Method 2 Step A1 from t-butoxyacetoacetate and dipropylamine.

Title Compound: A mixture of compound 1 (0.2 g, 1.1 mmol), 2,3-dichlorobenzaldehyde 2 (0.23 g, 1.3 mmol), piperidine (0.015 ml, 0.27 mmol), acetic acid (0.027 mL, 0.27 mmol) and 4A Molecular Sieves (spatula tip) in dimethylformamide (1 mL) was stirred at 70° C. overnight. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. 3-aminopyrazole 3 (0.13 g, 1.6 mmol) and sodium acetate (0.28 g, 3.5 mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred overnight at 70° C. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, transferred to a separatory funnel, diluted with water and ethyl acetate, washed with water (a small amount of methanol was added to breakup emulsions that formed) and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (50% ethyl acetate/hexanes followed by 100% ethyl acetate) to afford 0.10 g (23% yield from compound 1) of the title compound. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.94 min, (96% pure). MS (M+H: 407).

EXAMPLES 84-169

The compounds of Examples 84-169, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 83.

HPLC resolution of Example 84, Chiralpak AS column (50×500 mm), eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 166) and B (Example 167). Chiralpak AS column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 40% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=5.53 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=12.0 min, 98% ee.

HPLC resolution of Example 165, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 20% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ provided enantiomers A (Example 169) and B (Example 168). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 20% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=8.3 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=12.8 min, 98% ee.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 84

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 486 85

1-[[7-(2,3-Difluorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 453 86

4-[6-[[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)- 1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-7-yl]benzoic acid ester 475 87

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[[7- (2-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-piperazine 435 88

1-[[7-(2-Chlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 451 89

1-[[7-(2,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 486 90

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(2- methoxyphenyl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 447 91

1-[[7-(2,3- Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 477 92

1-[[7-(2,4- Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 477 93

1-[[7-(2,5- Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 477 94

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 485 95

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-methylphenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 431 96

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-phenoxyphenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 509 97

1-[[7-(3,4- Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 477 98

1-[[7-(3,5- Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 477 99

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[3-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 523 100 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(3- hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 433 101 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 485 102 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-methylphenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 431 103 

1-[[7-(4-Cyanophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 442 104 

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[[7- (4-fluorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-piperazine 435 105 

N-[4-[6-[[4-(4- Fluorophenyl)-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-7- yl]phenyl]acetamide 474 106 

1-[[7-[4-(Dimethyl- amino)phenyl]-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]- 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine 460 107 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(4- methoxyphenyl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 447 108 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 523 109 

1-[[7-(4-Butoxyphenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 489 110 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-thienyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 423 111 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-thienyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 423 112 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 485 113 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(4-methylphenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 431 114 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-nitrophenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 462 115 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 462 116 

1-[[7-(2,6-Difluorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 453 117 

1-[[7-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 453 118 

1-[[7-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 453 119 

1-[[7-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 453 120 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[2-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl] pyra-zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 523 121 

1-[[7-(3,4- Dimethylphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 445 122 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]py-razolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4- (4-fluoro-phenyl)piperazine 501 123 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[3-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]py-razolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4- (4-fluoro-phenyl)piperazine 501 124 

1-[[7-(3-Cyanophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 442 125 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(3- methoxyphenyl)-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 447 126 

1-[[7-(4-Chlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 451 127 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(4-phenoxyphenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 509 128 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-nitrophenyl)pyrazolo [1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 462 129 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(5-methyl-2- furanyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 421 130 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(1H- imidazol-2-yl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 407 131 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(1H-pyrrol-2- yl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 406 132 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-pyridinyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 418 133 

1-[[7-(3-Chloro-4- methoxy-phenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 481 134 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(4- methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol- 6-yl)-5-methylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 491 135 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-[5- (hydroxymethyl)-2- furanyl]-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 437 136 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-(1H- indol-3-yl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 456 137 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-pyridinyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 418 138 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-quinolinyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 468 139 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(4-quinolinyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 468 140 

1-[[7-(2,3-Dihydro-1,4- benzodioxin-6-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 475 141 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2,3,5-trichloro- phenyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 520 142 

1-[[7-(2,5- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 486 143 

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[[7- (3-furanyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-piperazine 407 144 

1-[[7-(2-Benzofuranyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 457 145 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-methylbenzo[b]thiophen- 2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 487 146 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-quinolinyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 468 147 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-thiazolyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 424 148 

1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-[[7- (2-furanyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-piperazine 407 149 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-[3- methoxy-4- (phenylmethoxy)phenyl]- 5-methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 553 150 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-7-[4- methoxy-3- (phenylmethoxy)phenyl]- 5-methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 553 151 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(2-naphthalenyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 467 152 

1-[[7-[3,4-Bis(phenyl- methoxy)phenyl]-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 629 153 

1-[[7-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5- yl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 461 154 

1-[[7-[3,5-Bis(trifluoro- methyl)phenyl]-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]- 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine 553 155 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[5-[1-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H- pyrazol-5-yl]-2- thienyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 571 156 

1-[[7-(5-Ethyl-2-furanyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 435 157 

1-[[7-(2,3-Dihydro-5- benzofuranyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 459 158 

1-[[7-(3-Bromophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 496 159 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-[4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)- phenyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 486 160 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(3-methyl-2- thienyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 437 161 

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(5-methyl-2- thienyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 437 162 

1-[[7-(1,3-Benzodioxol-4- yl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 461 163 

1-[[7-(5-Chloro-2-thienyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 457 164 

1-[[7-(3,5- Dimethylphenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 445 165 

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 500 166 

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 486 167 

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 486 168 

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 500 169 

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 500

EXAMPLE 170 8-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 16.

Title Compound: Compound 2 (0.068 g, 0.47 mmol) was added to a suspension of compound 1 (0.10 g, 0.32 mmol), EDCI (0.09 g, 0.47 mmol), DMAP(0.004 g, 0.03 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL). When LC/MS indicated the reaction was complete the mixture was loaded directly onto a Worldwide Monitoring CLEAN-UP CARTRIDGE (silica gel, CUSIL12M6) which had been equilibrated with 100% hexanes. Elution with 100% hexanes (40 mL), followed by 50% Ethyl acetate/hexanes (40 mL) and 100% ethyl acetate (70 mL). The purest fractions (TLC analysis) were combined to give 0.043 g (30% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.12 min, (97% pure). MS (M+H: 449). HMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz, 100° C.) 9.02(1H, bs), 7.49(1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.26(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 7.14(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 6.95(1H, d, J=8 Hz), 6.08(1H, s), 5.55(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 3.84(4H, m), 3.55(2H, m), 3.20(2H, m), 1.86(3H, s), 1.37(2H, m), 1.26(2H, m).

EXAMPLES 171-377

The compounds of Examples 171-377, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 170.

HPLC resolution of Example 194, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 250)and B (Example 251). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=5.32 min, 99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=8.59 min, 98% ee.

HPLC resolution of Example 221, Chiralpak AS column (50×500 mm), eluting with 50% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 42 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ provided enantiomers A (Example 328) and B (Example 329). Chiralpak AS column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine amine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=5.12 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=8.70 min, >99% ee.

HPLC resolution of Example 288, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ provided enantiomers A (Example 376) and B (Example 377). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=3.8 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=5.6 min, >99% ee.

HPLC resolution of Example 333, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 40% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 364) and B (Example 365). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 40% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=4.92 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=8.0 min, >97% ee.

The compound of Example 360 was separated into pure diastereo-isomers by column chromatography (silica gel eluted with 75% ethyl acetate, hexane). The faster eluting isomer is diastereomer 1, the slower eluting isomer is diasteromer 2. When separated by TLC (20% acetone, dichloromethane), diasteriomer 1 has an R_(f) of 0.26 and diastereromer 2 has an R_(f) of 0.17. Diastereomer 2 was further separated into pure chiral form via preparative chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD 5 cm×50 cm column eluted with 13% ethanol in hexane with 0.1% TEA at 50 mL/min with UV detection at 254 nM). The faster eluting isomer is enantiomer A (HPLC retention time 8.1 min, 4.6×250 mm Chiralpak AD column eluted with 10% ethanol, hexane with 0.1% triethylamine at 2 mL/min with UV detection at 254 nm) and the slower eluting isomer is enantiomer B (HPLC retention time 10.6 min, 4.6×250 mm Chiralpak AD column eluted with 10% ethanol, hexane with 0.1% triethylamine at 2 mL/min with UV detection at 254 nm). Diasteromer 1 can also be further separated into chiral pure form by similar methodology as that described for diastereomer 2 above to provide enantiomers C and D.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 171

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl] carbonyl]-4-(2-methoxy- phenyl)piperazine 498 172

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]- pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]- 4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl]piperazine 536 173

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- nitrophenyl)piperazine 513 174

1-(4-Acetylphenyl)-4-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]piperazine 510 175

1-(2-Chlorophenyl)-4-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]piperazine 502 176

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]- carbonyl]-4-(4-methoxy- phenyl)piperazine 498 177

1-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4- [[7-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]- carbonyl]piperazine 537 178

1-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-4- [[7-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]- carbonyl]piperazine 537 179

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]piperazine 502 180

1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-4-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methylpyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperazine 502 181

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(3-methoxy- phenyl)piperazine 498 182

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-methyl- phenyl)piperazine 482 183

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5a]- pyrimidin-6-yl]car-bonyl]- 4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl]piperazine 536 184

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(2-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 486 185

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(3,4-dimethyl- phenyl)piperazine 496 186

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(2- pyrimidinyl)piperazine 470 187

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- [2-[(4-fluoro- phenyl)amino]ethyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 460 188

4-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-1- piperazinecarboxylic acid phenylmethyl ester 526 189

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- ethyl-N-[(2- fluorophenyl)methyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 459 190

N-[(3-Chloro-4- methoxyphenyl)methyl]-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 477 191

1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5- ylmethyl)-4-[[7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperazine 526 192

4-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1- piperazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester 464 193

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(2- pyridinyl)piperazine 469 194

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 421 195

1-[Bis(4-fluorophenyl)- methyl]-4-[[7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]piperazine 594 196

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(2-furanyl- carbonyl)piperazine 486 197

1-Cyclohexyl-4-[[7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperazine 474 198

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(2- methoxyethyl)piperazine 450 199

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(9H- fluoren-9-yl)piperazine 556 200

(2R)-1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(methoxy- methyl)pyrrolidine 421 201

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(2,3-dimethyl- phenyl)piperazine 496 202

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-piperidine- carboxylic acid ethyl ester 463 203

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-N,N-diethyl-3- piperidinecarboxamide 490 204

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-3-piperidine- carboxylic acid ethyl ester 463 205

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-3-methyl-piperidine 405 206

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-3,5-dimethyl- piperidine 419 207

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-hydroxy- piperidine 407 208

4-(4-Chlorophenyl-1-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri-midin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4- hydroxypiperidine 517 209

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-piperidine- carboxylic acid ethyl ester 463 210

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- methylpiperidine 405 211

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquinoline 439 212

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]- pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]- decahydroquinoline 445 213

2-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline 439 214

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- propylpiperidine 433 215

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- (hydroxydiphenylmethyl) piperidine 573 216

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- [(2-fluoro-phenyl)methyl]- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 431 217

2-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,3,4,9- tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4- b]indole 478 218

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- [2-(phenylamino)- ethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 442 219

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo]1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2-[(phenyl- amino)methyl]pyrrolidine 482 220

N-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 419 221

3[[7(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]thiazole 395 222

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]pyrrolidine 377 223

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-3,4-dihydro- 1H-indole 425 224

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]azetidine 363 225

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]hexahydro-1H- azepine 405 226

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]octahydroazocine 419 227

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine 389 228

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-[2-(2-pyridinyl)- ethyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 442 229

N-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-N- (phenylmethyl)glycine ethyl ester 499 230

trans-7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N-(2- phenylcyclopropyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamde 439 231

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- methylpyrrolidine 391 232

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- methylaziridine 363 233

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-[[(2,6- dimethylphenyl)amino] methyl]pyrrolidine 510 234

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- ethyl-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-N-(4- pyridinylmethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 442 235

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-[(1R)-1- phenylethyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 441 236

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-[(1 S)-1- phenylethyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 441 237

6-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,3,3- trimethyl-6- azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 459 238

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- (hexahydro-1H-azepin-1- yl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 420 239

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]aziridine 349 240

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]octahydro-1H- azonine 433 241

(2R-trans)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2,5- bis(methoxymethyl)- pyrrolidine 465 242

(2S-trans)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methylpyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,5-bis- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 465 243

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-L-prolinamide 420 244

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-D- prolinamide 420 245

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro- 2-methyl-1H-indole 439 246

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro- 5-nitro-1H-indole 470 247

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro- 6-nitro-1H-indole 470 248

4-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- thiomorpholine 409 249

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-L-proline methyl ester 435 250

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl) pyrrolidine, enantiomer A 421 251

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, enantiomer B 421 252

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-L-proline 1,1- dimethylethyl ester 477 253

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methylpyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-N-(2- naphthalenyl)-L- prolinamide 560 254

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-2- methylquinoline 453 255

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-6-fluoro- 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2- methylquinoline 471 256

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-L-proline phenylmethyl ester 511 257

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methylpyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-D-proline phenylmethyl ester 511 258

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-hydroxy- L-proline phenylmethyl ester 527 259

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)-2- methylpiperazine 500 260

3-Chloro-N-cyclohexyl-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri- midine-6-carboxamide 453 261

4-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- thiomorpholine 443 262

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2,3- dihydro-1H-indole 459 263

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]hexahydro- 1H-azepine 439 264

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- octahydroazocine 453 265

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine 423 266

3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl-N- [(1S)-1-phenylethyl]- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 6-carboxamide 475 267

3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl-N- [(1R)-1-phenylethyl]- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 6-carboxamide 475 268

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]- carbonyl]-2-(methoxy- methyl)piperidine 435 269

[(3R)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl]carbamic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 492 270

[(3S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl]carbamic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 492 271

(3R)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-3-(di- methylamino)pyrrolidine 420 272

N-[1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl]acetamide 434 273

N-[1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-3- pyrrolidinyl]-N- methylacetamide 448 274

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N,N- dipentyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyri-midine-6- carboxamide 463 275

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- N,N-dihexyl-4,7-dihydro- 5-methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 491 276

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperidine 425 277

3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-N- cyclohexyl-4,7-dihydro- N,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 6-carboxamide 419 278

(2S)-1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(methoxy- methyl)pyrrolidine 455 279

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- decahydroquinoline 479 280

2-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline 473 281

4-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]- thiomorpholine 409 282

N-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 487 283

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- N,N-diethyl-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 379 284

N,N-Dibutyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 6-carboxamide 435 285

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- N,N-diheptyl-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 519 286

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- azacyclotridecane 489 287

9-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- dodecahydro-1H-fluorene 485 288

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4-Di- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-2-(tri- fluoromethyl)pyrazolo- [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(methoxy- methyl)pyrrolidine 489 289

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methy-lpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]piperidine 391 290

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3-chloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]hexahydro-1H- azepine 405 291

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]- octahydroazocine 419 292

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine 389 293

3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- N,5-dimethyl-N-[(1S)-1- phenyl-ethyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 441 294

(2S)-1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 421 295

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]- decahydroquinoline 445 296

2-[[3-Chloro-7-(3- chlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline 439 297

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]hexahydro- 1H-azepine 439 298

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine 423 299

(2S)-1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimi-din- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 455 300

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro- 1H-indole 493 301

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]hexahydro-1H- azepine 473 302

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-di-methyl- N-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]-2- (trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 509 303

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-2- (trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 509 304

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,N-bis(2- methoxyethyl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 439 305

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- N,N-bis(2-ethoxyethyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 467 306

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N-(2- methoxyethyl)-N,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 395 307

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N-(2- methoxyethyl)-5-methyl- N-propylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 423 308

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperidine 425 309

2-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline 473 310

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]- octahydroazocine 453 311

3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl-N- [(1S)-1-phenylethyl]- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimi- dine-6-carboxamide 475 312

3-Chloro-N-cyclohexyl-7- (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrim-dine- 6-carboxamide 453 313

3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 447 314

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- ethyl-4,7-dihydro-N-(2- methoxyethyl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 409 315

N-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-N- methylglycine ethyl ester 423 316

N-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-N- methylglycine 1,1- dimethylethyl ester 451 317

N-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-N-(2-ethoxy-2- oxoethyl)glycine ethyl ester 495 318

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(3- pyridinyl)piperidine 468 319

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-6- methylquinoline 453 320

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- propylpiperidine 433 321

1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- [(diethylamino)methyl] piperidine 476 322

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (2-phenoxyethyl)- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 6-carboxamide 443 323

1-[(7-Cyclopropyl-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl)carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 381 324

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(1-methyl- ethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 383 325

(2S)-1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5- methyl-7-(1-methyl- ethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(methoxy- methyl)pyrrolidine 318 326

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(1-methyl- ethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2,3-dihydro- 1H-indole 322 327

1-[[4,7-Dihydro-5-methyl- 7-(1-methylethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine 286 328

3-[]7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]thiazolidine, enantiomer A 395 329

3-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]thiazolidine, enantiomer B 395 330

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-(phenyl- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 427 331

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-(2-phenylethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 441 332

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (2-phenylethyl)-N- (phenylmethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 517 333

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (phenoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 483 334

(2R)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (phenoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 483 335

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2-[(4- fluorophenoxy)methyl]- pyrrolidine 501 336

(2R)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2-[(4- fluorophenoxy)methyl]- pyrrolidine 501 337

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- ethyl-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 351 338

N-Butyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine- 6-carboxamide 379 339

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- pentylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 393 340

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N-(2- methoxyethyl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 381 341

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (hydroxydiphenylmethyl) pyrrolidine 559 342

(2R)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (hydroxydiphenylmethyl) pyrrolidine 559 343

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(3- pyridinyl)pyrrolidine 454 344

(2S)-1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 421 345

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- phenylpyrrolidine 453 346

3-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-phenylthiazolidine 471 347

3-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- thiazolidinecarboxylic acid methyl ester 453 348

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- N-(3-phenyl- propyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 455 349

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- ethyl-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-N-(3-phenyl- propyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 469 350

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (3-phenylpropyl)-N- propylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 483 351

N-Butyl-7-(3,4-dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-N-(3-phenyl- propyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 497 352

2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]thiazolidine 505 353

N-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N- propylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 419 354

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(2,3- dihydro-2-oxo-1H- benzimidazol-1- yl)piperidine 523 355

8-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-1-phenyl-1,3,8- triazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-one 537 356

4-(4-Chlorophenyl)- 1-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]car-bonyl]-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine 499 357

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(2-phenyl- ethyl)pyrrolidine 481 358

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(4-methoxy- phenyl)pyrrolidine 483 359

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(2-methoxy- phenyl)pyrrolidine 483 360

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(4-fluoro- phenyl)pyrrolidine 471 361

(3R)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-3- phenoxypyrrolidine 469 362

(2S)-2-[(Cyclohexyl- oxy)methyl]-1-[[7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]pyrrolidine 489 363

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(phenyl- methyl)pyrrolidine 467 364

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (phenoxymethyl)pyrro- lidine, diastereomer A 483 365

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (phenoxymethyl)pyrro- lidine, diastereomer B 483 366

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-2-(3-methoxy- phenyl)pyrrolidine 483 367

(2S)-2-(Butoxymethyl)-1- [[7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]pyrrolidine 463 368

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(2- thienyl)pyrrolidine 459 369

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(4- pyridinyl)pyrrolidine 454 370

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- [(methoxymethoxy)- methyl]pyrrolidine 451 371

(2S)-2-(1H-Benzimidazol- 1-ylmethyl)-1-[[7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]pyrrolidine 507 372

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(3- furanyl)pyrrolidine 443 373

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(2- pyridinyl)pyrrolidine 454 374

(3S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-3- phenoxypyrrolidine 469 375

(3S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-3- phenoxypyrrolidine 488 376

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, enantiomer A 489 377

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]- pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]- 2-(methoxymethyl)pyrro- lidine, enantiomer B 489

EXAMPLE 378 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-L-proline

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 (the compound of Example 252) was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 170.

Title Compound: Hydrochloric acid (5 mL, 4M in Dioxane) was added to compound 1 (0.05 g, 0.1 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature. After 3 h the mixture was concentrated in vacuo. LC/MS analysis of the residue indicated that starting material remained. Additional Hydrochloric acid (5 mL, 4M in Dioxane) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 7 h. TLC analysis indicated that compound 1 was consumed. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the title compound as a mixture of diastereomers. LC/MS indicated that the compound was still impure (50% pure). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient, 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Diastereomer A Rt=3.34, Diastereomer B Rt=3.49 min. MS (M+H: 421). The product was triturated with dichlormethane to give 0.014 g (32% yield) of the title compound (85% pure by HPLC). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 4.6×50 mm combiscreen, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient, 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂₀ with 0.2% H₃PO₄, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% H₃PO₄), 4 mL/min. Diastereomer A Rt=2.82, Diastereomer B Rt=2.97 min.

EXAMPLE 379 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-N-[(1R)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]-5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 17.

Title Compound: To a suspension of polystyrene-supported HOBt resin (NovaBiochem, >1.2 mmol/g, 50 mg, 1.0 eq) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (1.0 mL) was added Compound 1 (47 mg, 2.0 eq), EDCI (23 mg, 2.0 eq), and DMAP (0.7 mg, 0.1 eq). The suspension was shaken vigorously using a VORTEX-GENIE2 for 1 hr. Solvent was then drained and the resin was washed sequentially with DMF (3×2 mL), THF (3×2 mL), and CH₂Cl₂ (3×2 mL) with vigorous shaking. The resin was resuspended in CH₂Cl₂ (1 mL) and to which was added (R)-(−)-Aminoindan 2 (0.006 mL, 0.8 eq). The mixture was shaken for 2 hr. Solvent was drained and the resin was washed with CH₂Cl₂ (3×1 mL) with vigorous shaking. All the washing solutions were combined and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified through a silica gel cartridge eluting with 100% EtOAc to give the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.2% H₃PO₄, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% H₃PO₄), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.96 min, (diastereomers, 96% pure). MS (M+H): 507.

EXAMPLES 380-391

The compounds of Examples 380-391, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 379.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 380

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- (2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2- yl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl- 2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 507 381

N-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-D-phenylalanine methyl ester 553 382

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- (1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1- naphthalenyl)-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyra-zolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 521 383

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- [3-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) propyl]-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 516 384

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- (2-furanylmethyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2-(tri- fluoromethyl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 471 385

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- [(3,4-dichloro- phenyl)methyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 550 386

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N-[(2R)-2- (methoxymethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl]-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 504 387

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N- [(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)- methyl]-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carbox- amide 475 388

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N-[(1S)-2,3- dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl]-5- methyl-2-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 507 389

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N- [2-(3,4-dichloro- phenyl)ethyl]-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 564 390

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)-N-[[4- [(trifluoromethyl)thio]- phenyl]methyl]pyrazolo- [1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 581 391

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7di- hydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoro-methyl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2-(1- pyrrolidinylmethyl)- pyrrolidine 666

EXAMPLE 392 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(1-naphthalenylsulfonyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 (the compound of Example 60) was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Step A: HCl (4M in dioxane) was added to solid compound 1 (0.53 g, 1.1 mmol). A gummy precipitate forms immediately. Dichloromethane was added, the gummy precipitate remained. The solvent was decanted and the residue was triturated with ethyl acetate (3×), concentrated to give 0.63 g (130% contains residual dioxane) of the hydrochloride salt compound 2 as a light yellow powder. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=0.57 min, (92% pure). MS (M+H): 392. Compound 2 was used without purification.

Step B: Compound 2 (0.077 g, 0.18 mmol) and compound 3 (0.049 g, 0.22 mmol) were suspended in dichloromethane (1 mL). Triethylamine (0.05 mL, 0.36 mmol) was added. A clear solution results. TLC after 30 min indicated consumption of starting material. The mixture was loaded directly onto a Worldwide Monitoring CLEAN-UP CARTRIDGE (silica, CUSIL12M6) which had been equilibrated with 100% hexanes. Elution with 100% hexanes (40 mL), followed by 50% Ethyl acetate/hexanes (40 mL) and 100% ethyl acetate (40 mL). The purest fractions (TLC analysis) were combined to give 0.068 g (65% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.46 min, (90% pure). MS (M+H: 582). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 8.60(1H, d, J=8), 8.05(2H, m), 7.95(1H, m), 7.62(4H, m), 7.35(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 7.17(1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.06(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 6.81(1H, d, J=6 Hz), 6.17(1H, m), 5.54(1H, d, J=2 Hz), 3.23(8H, m), 1.86(3H, s).

EXAMPLES 393-396

The compounds of Examples 393-396, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 392.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 393

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-[(4- ethylphenyl)sulfonyl]- piperazine 560 394

1-[(4-Bromo-5-chloro-2- thienyl)sulfonyl]-4-[[7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimi-din- 6-yl]carbonyl]-piperazine 651 395

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-[[2-(trifluoro- methoxy)phenyl] sulfonyl]piperazine 616 396

1-[(5-Chloro-3-methyl- benzo[b]thiophen-2- yl)sulfonyl]-4-[[7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methylpyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperazine 637

EXAMPLE 397 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-[(3-methoxyphenyl)carbonyl]piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Step A of Example 392.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.062 g, 0.15 mmol) and compound 2 (0.025 mL, 0.17 mmol) were suspended in dichloromethane (1 mL). Triethylamine (0.040, 0.29 mmol) was added. A clear solution results. TLC after 30 min indicated consumption of starting material. The mixture was loaded directly onto a Worldwide Monitoring CLEAN-UP CARTRIDGE (CUSIL12M6) which had been equilibrated with 100% hexanes. Elution with 100% hexanes (40 mL), followed by 50% Ethyl acetate/hexanes (100 mL) and 100% ethyl acetate (100 mL). The purest fractions (TLC analysis) were combined to give 0.022 g (29% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.69 min, (90% pure). MS (M+H: 526).

EXAMPLES 398 AND 399

The compounds of Examples 398 and 399, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 397.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 398

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(1-oxo-3- phenyl-2-propenyl)- piperazine 522 399

1 [[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-pyridinylcar- bonyl)piperazine 497

EXAMPLE 400 1-[[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 18.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.08 g, 0.17 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL). NaH (0.005 g, 0.22 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. Iodomethane (0.012 mL, 0.18 mmol) was added. When TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.06 g (75%) of the title compound as a amber oil. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.99 min, (96% pure). MS (M+H: 482).

EXAMPLES 401-406

The compounds of Examples 401-406, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 400.

HPLC resolution of Example 403, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 35% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ provided enantiomers A (Example 405) and B (Example 404). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=14.4 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=28.7 min, >99% ee.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 401

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperidine 405 402

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 500 403

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 500 404

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 500 405

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-4,5- dimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 500 406

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,4,5- trimethylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 514

EXAMPLE 407 1-[[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4,7dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.10 g, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL). NaH (0.007 g, 0.27 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. 4-Fluorobenzyl chloride (0.028 mL, 0.23 mmol) was added. When TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.09 g (69%) of the title compound as a amber oil. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt 3.20 min, (93% pure). MS (M+H: 608).

EXAMPLE 408 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-6-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-4(7H)-acetic acid ethyl ester

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.10 g, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL). NaH (0.006 g, 0.24 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. Ethyl bromoacetate (0.029 mL, 0.26 mmol) was added. When TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.086 g (74%) of the title compound as a yellow glass. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.22 min, (97% pure). MS (M+H: 586).

EXAMPLE 409 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-6-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-N,N,2,5-tetramethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-4(7H)-acetamide

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.08 g, 0.16 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (0.8 mL). NaH (0.005 g, 0.19 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. 2-chloro-N,N-dimethylacetamide (0.021 mL, 0.21 mmol) was added. When TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.058 g (62%) of the title compound as a yellow oil. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.63 min, (93% pure). MS (M+H: 585).

EXAMPLE 410 1-[[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-4,7-dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.11 g, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL). Sodium hydride (0.054 g, 0.47 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. 1-Chloro-2-dimethylaminoethane hydrochloride (0.040 g, 0.27 mmol) was added. After 25 min the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. LC/MS analysis of the residue indicated mostly unreacted starting material. The residue was redissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL), Sodium hydride (0.10 g, 4.2 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. 1-Chloro-2-dimethylaminoethane hydrochloride (0.15 g, 1.05 mmol) was added. When TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.030 g (25%) of the title compound as a yellow glass. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=1.72 min, (92% pure). MS (M+H: 571).

EXAMPLE 411 1-[[4-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-7-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.11 g, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL). Sodium hydride (0.006 g, 0.25 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. (Bromomethyl)cylcopropane(0.0251 mL, 0.27 mmol) was added. When TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.104 g (89%) of the title compound as a yellow glass. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.99 min, (95% pure). MS (M+H: 554).

EXAMPLE 412 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-6-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-N,N,2,5-tetramethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-4(7H)-carboxamide

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Compound 1 (0.22 g, 0.44 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (3.0 mL). Sodium hydride (0.106 g, 4.44 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 5 min. N,N-Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride (0.12 mL, 1.33 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight. TLC (5% methanol/dichloromethane) analysis indicated consumption of starting material the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% dichloromethane followed by 3% methanol/dichloromethane to provide 0.22 g (87% yield) of the title compound. LC/MS indicated that the compound was impure. The title compound was further purified by silica gel chromatoagraphy eluting with 10% ethyl acetate/hexanes, followed by 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes and 100% ethyl acetate to afford 0.118 g (47% yield) of the title compound as a white glass. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.45 min, (95% pure). MS (M+H: 571).

EXAMPLE 413 1-[[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-4-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Step A: Acetic anhydride (0.77 mL, 8.14 mmol) was dropwise added to a solution of 4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine 1 (1.17 g, 6.49 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL). TLC after 30 min. indicated reaction was complete. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to give 1.28 g (89% yield) of compound 2 as a clear solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=1.58 min, (92% pure). MS (M+H: 223). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 6.96(2H, m), 6.89(2H, m), 3.77(2H, m), 3.62(2H, m), 3.07(4H, m), 2.14(3H, s). Compound 2 was used without further purification in the next step.

Step B: Lithium hexamethyldisilylazide (6.1 mL, 6.1 mmol, 1M in tetrahydrofuran) was dropwise added to a −78° C. solution of compound 2 (1.22 g, 5.5 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (25 mL). After 40 min. 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl trifluoroacetate (0.9 mL, 6.6 mmol) was added to the yellow solution. The reaction turned from yellow to clear. After an additional 10 min. the cooling bath was removed and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 30 min. more the reaction was quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated ammonium chloride, water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated onto enough silica gel such that a free flowing powder was obtained. The resulting powder was loaded onto a chromatography column prepacked with silica gel and 30% ethylacetate/hexanes. Elution with 30% ethyl acetate/hexanes gave 0.998 g (57% yield) of compound 3 as a yellow solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, WV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 40-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.87 min, (90% pure). MS (M+H: 319). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): (note compound exists in the enol form) 7.00(2H, m), 6.90(2H, m), 5.80(1H, s), 3.79(4H, m), 3.13(4H, m).

Step C: Compound 3 and compound 4 were condensed as described in Example 18, Method 2 Step B, to provide compound 5. Compound 5 was used in the next step without further purification.

Step D: Compound 5 and compound 6 were condensed as described in Example 18, Method 2 Step C1, to afford compound 7. Reverse Phase LC/MS of crude 6: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.12 min, (58% pure). MS (M+H: 540). Compound 7 was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 20-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes followed by recrystallization from ethyl acetate/hexanes to give 0.084 g (6% yield) of compound 7 as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.2% H₃PO₄, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% H₃PO₄), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.15 min, (92% pure).

Step E: Compound 7 (0.08 g, 0.14 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (1.0 mL). NaH (0.005 g, 0.19 mmol, 60% in oil) was added and the mixture was stirred for 305 min. Iodomethane (0.010 mL, 0.16 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred for 2 h and then quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with saturated water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC:YMC S5 ODS 20×100 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 10 min. gradient 30-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 20 mL/min. Rt=10.6 min, to provide 0.037 g (45%) of the title compound. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.83 min. MS (M+H: 568). Reverse Phase LC: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.2% H₃PO₄, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% H₃PO₄), 4 m-L/min. Rt=4.37 min., 89% pure.

EXAMPLES 414-421

The compounds of Examples 414-421, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 413.

HPLC resolution of Example 416, Chiralpak AD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 50% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, provided enantiomers A (Example 418) and B (Example 417). Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 50% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=14.4 min, 89% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=28.7 min, 87% ee.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 414

1-[[7-(2,3- Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 554 415

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-2- methyl-5-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 554 416

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-2,4- dimethyl-5-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 568 417

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-2,4- dimethyl-5-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 568 418

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-2,4- dimethyl-5-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 568 419

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 540 420

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-2- methyl-5-(trifluoro- methyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 554

EXAMPLE 421 1-[[1-Benzoyl-7-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro-5-methyl-2-oxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyriridin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Benzoyl chloride (0.007 mL, 0.06 mmol) and pyridine (0.008 mL, 0.10 mmol) were added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.08 g, 0.17 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL). After 1 h, TLC indicated the reaction was complete. The reaction was quenched with methanol and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 80% ethyl acetate/hexanes to afford 0.024 g (81%) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.05 min, (86% pure). (M+H: 588). HMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 8.08(1H, s), 8.06(1H, s), 7.51(1H, m), 7.37(2H, t, J=8 Hz), 7.28(1H, m), 7.18(2H, m), 7.08(1H, m), 6.9-6.7(3H, m), 6.45 (1H, bs), 5.60(1H, bs), 4.15-2.8 (6H, m), 2.20(1H, bs), 1.88(3H, s), 1.45(1H, bs).

EXAMPLES 422-431

The compounds of Examples 422-431, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 421.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 422

1-[[1-Benzoyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-phenyl-piperazine 588 423

1-[[1-Acetyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-phenyl-piperazine 526 424

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro- 5-methyl-2-oxo-1-(1- oxobutyl)-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine 554 425

1-[[1-(Cyclopropyl- carbonyl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-phenyl-piperazine 552 426

1-[[1-(Cyclopropyl- carbonyl)-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 570 427

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetra- hydro-5-methyl-1-(3- methyl-1-oxobutyl)-2- oxopyra-zolo[1,5-a] pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4- (4-fluorophenyl)-piperazine 586 428

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-(2,2-dimethyl-1- oxopropyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]- 4-phenyl-piperazine 568 429

1-[[1-(Cyclopropyl- carbonyl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)- 1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 570 430

1-[[1-(Cyclobutyl- carbonyl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7- tetrahydro-5-methyl-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 584 431

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro- 5-methyl-1-(2-methyl-1- oxopropyl)-2- oxopyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]car- bonyl]-4-(4-fluoro- phenyl)piperazine 572

EXAMPLE 432 1-[[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro-5-methyl-1-[(1-methylethyl)sulfonyl]-2-oxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Isopropylsulfonyl chloride (0.11 mL, 0.97 mmol) and pyridine (0.12 mL, 1.46 mmol) were added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.234 g, 0.487 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 5 h, TLC indicated the reaction was complete. The reaction was quenched with methanol and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% methanol/ethyl acetate to afford 0.095 g (33%) of the title compound as a pale yellow solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.57 min, (92% pure). (M+H: 590).

EXAMPLE 433 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro-5-methyl-1-[(1-methylethyl)sulfonyl]-2-oxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

The title compound was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 432. (M+H) 608.

EXAMPLE 434 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-6-[(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)carbonyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-1(2H)-carboxamide

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Isopropyl isocyanate (0.034 mL, 0.35 mmol) and pyridine (0.057 mL, 0.706 mmol) were added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.170 g, 0.350 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. After 5 h, TLC indicated the reaction was complete. The reaction was quenched with methanol and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 75% ethyl acetate/hexanes to afford 0.027 g (13%) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.68 min, (95% pure). (M+H: 569).

EXAMPLES 435 AND 436

The compounds of Examples 435 and 436, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 434.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 435

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-N,5-dimethyl- 2-oxo-6-[(4-phenyl-1- piperazinyl)- carbonyl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-1(2H)- carboxamide 541 436

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2- oxo-6-[(4-phenyl-1- piperazinyl)carbonyl]- pyrazolo[15-a] pyrimidine-1(2H)-carbox- amide 527

EXAMPLE 437 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7-dihydro-N,N,5-trimethyl-2-oxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-1(2H)-carboxamide

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride (0.10 mL, 1.1 mmol) was added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.52 g, 1.0 mmol) in pyridine (5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min., the cooling bath was removed, and the mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% methanol/ethyl acetate to afford 0.038 g (6%) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 TurboPack Pro 4.6×33 column, UV detection at 220λ, 2 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=1.97 min, 92% pure). MS (M+H: 573).

EXAMPLE 438 1-[[1-(3-Butenyl)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro-5-methyl-2-oxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane (0.246 mL, 1.82 mmol) was added to a mixture of compound 1 (0.831 g, 1.66 mmol) and potassium carbonate (g, mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 mL). The resulting mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 4 h. The reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% methanol/ethyl acetate to afford 0.030 g (3%) of the title compound. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.99 min, (87% pure). (M+H: 556).

EXAMPLES 439 AND 440 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7-tetrahydro-tetrahydro-5-methyl-2-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4,7tetrahydro-5-methyl-2-oxo-1,4-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compounds: 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl trifluormethanesulfonate (0.49 g, 2.1 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 1 (0.967 g, 1.93 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 mL). Sodium hydride (0.12 g, 2.89 mmol) was added. TLC (10% methanol/ethyl acetate) indicated consumption of compound 1. The resulting mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, transferred to a separatory funnel, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 100% ethyl acetate followed by 10% methanol/ethyl acetate to give a mixture of the title compounds. The title compounds were separated by preparative reverse phase HPLC YMC S5 ODS 20×100 mm column, 25 mL/min, 15 minute gradient eluting with 50%-100% solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA). Compound of Example 439 Rt=11.05 min, Compound of Example 440 Rt=11.88 min. Compound of Example 439: Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 4.6×50 Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=2.87 min, 95% pure). MS (M+H: 584). Compound of Example 440: Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 4.6×50 Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.25 min, 85% pure). MS (M+H: 666).

EXAMPLE 441 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2-oxopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-1(2H)-carboxylic acid 1-methylethyl ester

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Title Compound: Isopropyl chloroformate (1.0 mL, 1.0 mmol, 1M in toluene) was added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.46 g, 0.92 mmol) in pyridine (5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min., the cooling bath was removed. After 2 h methanol was added to quench the reaction and the mixture was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% methanol/ethyl acetate to afford 0.057 g (11%) of the title compound as a light pink solid. Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.67 min, 95% pure). (M+H: 573).

EXAMPLE 442 1-[(4,7-Dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Step A: Compound 2 (0.6 mL, 4.4 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.83 mL, 8.8 mmol) were added to a solution of compound 1 (0.72 g, 2.9 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 mL). The mixture was allowed to stir overnight, poured into water, extracted with dichloromethane. The extracts were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes to 100% ethyl acetate/hexanes to give 0.290 g (38% yield) of compound 3 as a colorless syrup. (M+H: 259).

Step B: Condensation of compound 3 and compound 4 as described in Example 18, Method 2 Step C provided the title compound. Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H20 with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=1.96 min, (87% pure). (M+H: 323).

EXAMPLE 443 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-[[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carboxylic acid

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

Step A: Lithium hydroxide (0.43 g, 1.8 mmol) was dissolved in water (3 mL) and added slowly to a room temperature solution of compound 1 in tetrahydofuran (9 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. TLC indicated that all of compound 1 had been consumed. The mixture was quenched by the addition of acidic Dowex resin. The resin was filtered off. The filtrate was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to give 0.41 g (86% yield) of compound 2 as a light yellow solid. Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.37 min, 96% pure). MS (M+H: 530).

Step B: EDCI (0.025 g, 0.13 mmol), DMAP (0.003 g, 0.02 mmol) were added to a solution of compound 2 (0.0508 g, 0.1 mmol) and diethylamine (0.014 mL, 0.13 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL). The mixture was stirred overnight. TLC indicated some starting material remained. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% methanol/ethyl acetate to give the title compound as a white solid. Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 4.6×50 Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.74 min, 91% pure). MS (M+H: 585).

EXAMPLES 444-449

The compounds of Examples 445-450, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 443.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 444

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- N,N-diethyl-6-[[4-(4- fluorophenyl)-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-2- carboxamide 585 445

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- [[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]4,7- dihydro-N-(4- hydroxyphenyl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-2- carboxamide 621 446

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7dihydro-5- methyl-2-[[(2S)-2-(1- pyrrolidinylmethyl)-1- pyrrolidinyl]carbonyl]- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 666 447

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- [[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7- dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-2- carboxamide 529 448

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- [[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N- phenylmethyl)pyrazolo- [1,5-a]pyrimidine-2- carboxamide 619 449

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- [[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1- piperazinyl]carbonyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N-(2- phenylethyl)-pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyri-midine-2- carboxamide 633

EXAMPLE 450 1-[[2-Cyano-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 (the compound of Example 447) was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 443.

Title Compound: Triflic anhydride (0.036 mL, 0.21 mmol) was added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.103 g, 0.19 mmol) and triethylamine (0.054 mL, 0.39 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL). After 10 min., TLC (5% methanol/ethyl acetate) indicated that compound 1 remained. Additional Triflic anhydride (0.036 mL, 0.21 mmol) and triethylamine (0.054 mL, 0.39 mmol) were added. After 10 min., TLC (5% methanol/ethyl acetate) indicated that compound 1 remained. The mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for an additional 30 min. The reaction was poured into saturated sodium bicarbonate, extracted with dichloromethane. The extracts were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with 2% methanol/ethyl acetate to 0.018 g (19% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse phase LC/MS: YMC S5 4.6×33 column, UV detection at 220λ, 2 min gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B:-90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.60 min, 81% pure). MS (M+H: 511).

EXAMPLE 451 3-Bromo-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 4.

Title Compound: Phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide (0.057 g, 0.14 mmol) was added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.05 g, 0.13 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL). The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature over 4 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by preparative TLC (Analtech, silica gel, 20×20 cm, 1000μ). Elution with 25% acetone/hexane provided 0.047 g (79% yield) of the title compound as a white solid. Reverse Phase HPLC: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% H₃PO₄, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% H₃PO₄), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.67 min, (95% pure). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.19 min. MS (EM, M+1: 458) HMR (CDCl₃, 400MHz): 7.37(1H, d, J=2.0 Hz), 7.36(1H, d, J=8.0 Hz), 7.33(1H, s), 7.12(1H, dd, J=2.2 and 8.4 Hz), 6.38(1H, s), 6.27(1H, s), 2.53(3H, s), 1.36(9H, s).

EXAMPLE 452 1-[[3-Bromo-7-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

The compound of Example 452 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 451. (M+H) 547.

EXAMPLE 453 1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenylpiperazine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 18, Method 2.

1Title Compound: N-chlorosuccinimide (0.0102 g, 0.076 mmol) was added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.0343 g, 0.073 mmol) in dichloromethane (4 mL). The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature over 2 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by preparative TLC (Analtech, silica gel, 20×20 cm, 1000μ). Elution with 50% acetone/hexane provided 0.0287 g (77% yield) of the title compound as a yellow oil which solidified upon standing. Reverse Phase HPLC: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% PPA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% PPA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.21 min, (91% pure). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=3.72 min. MS (EM, M+1: 501)

EXAMPLES 454-463

The compounds of Examples 454-463, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 453.

Example 456 was obtained from the single enantiomer B of Example 30, and Example 457 was obtained from the single enantiomer A of Example 29. Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254 □, Example 456 Rt==5.9 min, >99% ee. Example 457 Rt=6.3 min, >99% ee.

Example 458 was obtained from the single enantiomer A of Example 51, and Example 459 was obtained from the single enantiomer B of Example 52. Chiralcel OD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 30% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254□, Example 458 Rt=7.8 min, >99% ee. Example 459 Rt=8.4 min, >99% ee.

Example 460 was obtained from the single enantiomer A of Example 169, and Example 461 was obtained from the single enantiomer B of Example 168. Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 20% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254□, Example 461 Rt=9.2 min, >99% ee. Example 460 Rt=9.4 min, >99% ee.

Example 462 was obtained from the single enantiomer A of Example 81, and Example 463 was obtained from the single enantiomer B of Example 82. Chiralpak AD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 20% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254□, Example 462 Rt=8.25 min, >99% ee. Example 463 Rt=8.28 min, >99% ee.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 454

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 520 455

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 520 456

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4- phenylpiperazine, enantiomer B 502 457

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-phenyl- piperazine, enantiomer A 502 458

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 520 459

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 520 460

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 534 461

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(2,3- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 534 462

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer A 534 463

1-[[3-Chloro-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-2,5-dimethyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine, enantiomer B 534

EXAMPLE 464 3-Chloro-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was prepared as described in Example 4.

Title Compound: Pyridine hydrochloride (0.020 g, 0.173 mmol) was added to a 0° C. solution of compound 1 (0.060 g, 0.158 mmol) in dichloromethane (4 mL). After 2 min, N-chlorosuccinimide (0.0231 g, 0.174 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and was stirred for 13 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by preparative TLC (Analtech, silica gel, 20×20 cm, 1000μ). Elution with 20% acetone/hexane provided 0.0092 g (14% yield) of the title compound as a yellow oil. Reverse Phase HPLC: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% PPA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.2% PPA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.61 min, (94% pure). Reverse Phase LC/MS: YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column, UV detection at 220λ, 4 min. gradient 0-100% Solvent B/A (Solvent A: 10% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA, Solvent B: 90% MeOH/H₂O with 0.1% TFA), 4 mL/min. Rt=4.71 min. MS (EM, M+1: 414). HMR (CDCl₃, 400MHz): 7.37(1H, s), 7.36(1H, d, J=1.7 Hz), 7.36(1H, d, J=8.4 Hz), 7.12(1H, dd, J=2.0 and 8.4 Hz), 6.45(1H, brs), 6.24(1H, s), 2.52(3H, s), 1.36(9H, s).

EXAMPLE 465 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Method:

Compound 1: Compound 1 was synthesized as described in Example 16.

Compound 3: Compound 1 (200 mg, 0.62 mmol) was suspended in 2 mL of dichloromethane. Triethylamine (300 μL, 2.2 mmol) and 2-aminoacetophenone 2 (116 mg, 0.68 mmol) were added followed by bromo-tris-pyrrolidino-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBrOP) (312 mg, 0.68 mmol). All the solid dissolved upon addition of PyBrOP and the reaction was stirred for 4 hrs. The mixture was loaded onto silica gel and purified by flash chromatography on silica gel eluted with 40% acetone, hexane to yield 106 mg (39%) of a pink solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 44180-148-16; ¹H COSY (400 MHz, CD3OD); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃); HPLC >99% at 4.0 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm column; 10-90% methanol, water with 0.2% phosphoric acid gradient over 4 min.; 4 mL/min.; uv detection at 220 nm).

Title Compound: The amide 3 (100 mg, 0.22 mmol) was dissolved in 2 mL phosphorus oxychloride and heated to 112° for 2 h. The mixture was then quenched onto ice and extracted with ethylacetate. The extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the solvent removed to provide 339 mg of a brown oil. The oil was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel eluted with 20-40% acetone, hexane to yield 50 mg (51%) of the title compound as a white powder. mp 229-231°; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD); MS (ESI) m/z 423 (MH⁺); HPLC>99% at 4.7 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm column; 10-90% methanol, water with 0.2% phosphoric acid gradient over 4 min. then hold at 90% methanol, water; 4 mL/ min.; uv detection at 220 nm).

EXAMPLES 466-469

The compounds of Examples 466-473, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 465.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 466

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(5- phenyl-1,3,4-oxa-diazol-2- yl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 424 467

6-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)- 7-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 396 468

6-(2-Benzothiazolyl)-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri-midine 413 469

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(1- methyl-1H-benzimi-dazol- 2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 410

EXAMPLE 470 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-propyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Method:

Compound 2: To a solution of acid 1, prepared as described in Example 16, (0.15 g, 0.463 mmol), 2-(n-propylamino)-5-trifluromethylaniline (0.141 g, 0.648 mmol) and DMAP (5 mg, cat.) EDCI (0.124 g, 0.0648 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was treated with saturated sodium bicarbonate, the organic solution was dried with magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated. The crude product 2 was used without further purification.

Title Compound: Compound 2 was dissolved in phosphorus oxychloride (4 mL) and heated to 80° C. for 4 h. TLC indicated the reaction was not complete. Additional phosphorus oxychloride (2 mL) was added and the mixture was heated for 2 h and then left to stand at room temperature overnight. The mixture was then quenched onto ice, made basic with ammonium hydroxide, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by preparative reversed phase chromatography (YMC PACK ODSA S3 20×100 mm column 50-100 methanol, water with 0.1% TFA gradient over 10 min.; 20 mL/min.; uv detection at 220 nm.) The appropriate fractions were evaporated, the residue was partitioned between saturated sodium bicarbonate and ethyl acetate, the organic solution was dried and the solvent was removed under vacuum giving the product (27 mg, 11.5%) as a tan glass. [M+H]⁺ m/z 506; HPLC 91.1% at 4.6 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm column; 10-90% methanol, water with 0.2% phosphoric acid gradient over 4 min.; 4 mL/min.; uv detection at 220 nm).

EXAMPLES 471-482

The compounds of Examples 471-482, shown in the table provided below, were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example 470.

HPLC resolution of Example 480, Chiralcel OD column (50×500 mm), eluting with 25% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 50 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ provided enantiomers A (Example 481) and B (Example 482). Analytical Chiralcel OD column (4.6×250 mm) eluting with 25% isopropanol/hexanes containing 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min), UV detection at 254λ, enantiomer A Rt=7.2 min, >99% ee. Enantiomer B Rt=10.0 min, >99% ee.

Example Structure Name (M + H) 471

6-(5-Butyl-1,3,4- oxadiazol-2-yl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 404 472

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-6-(4-methyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 410 473

1-[[7-(2,3-Dichloro- phenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-6-(1-methyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)pyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 410 474

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-6-(imidazo [1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-5- methylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 510 475

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- (1-ethyl-5-nitro-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri-midine 469 476

6-[5-Chloro-1-(1- methylethyl)-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl]-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 472 477

6-(5-Chloro-1-ethyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri-midine 458 478

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- (5-fluoro-1-propyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methylpyra- zolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine  456.35 479

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-[1- (1-methylethyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-1H- benzimidazol-2- yl]pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 506 480

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- (5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri-midine 428 481

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- (5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri- midine, enantiomer A 428 482

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6- (5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H- benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyri- midine, enantiomer B 428

EXAMPLE 483 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-[1-(phenylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Method:

Compound 1: Prepared as described in Example 16.

Compound 2: Prepared from compound 1 and phenylenediamine in a manner similar to that described in Example 470.

Compound 3: A suspension of 2 (50 mg 0.121 mmol), NaHCO₃ (50 mg, 0.6 mmol) and benzyl bromide (20 mg, 0.121 mmol) in DMPU (0.5 mL) was stirred at room temp. overnight. Another equivalent of benzyl bromide was added completing the reaction. The suspension was partitioned between water and ethyl acetate, the organic phase was dried (MgSO₄), and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was flash chromatographed through silica eluting with hexane-acetone 2:1 to provide either or both of compounds 3 and 3* (exact structure was not determined) (24.8 mg, 41%) as a white solid. Mp 135-140; [M+H]⁺ m/z 504; HPLC 100% at 4.4 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm column; 10-90% methanol, water with 0.2% phosphoric acid gradient over 4 min.; 4 mL/min.; uv detection at 220 nm).

Title Compound: Compound(s) 3/3* was dissolved in phosphorus oxychloride (1.5 mL) and heated to 80° C. for 5 h. Heating was discontinued and the mixture was left to stand at room temperature overnight. The mixture was quenched onto ice, made basic with ammonium hydroxide, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, 50% acetone/hexanes) to give 6.6 mg of the title compound as a tan solid. Mp 225-230; [M+H]⁺ m/z 486; HPLC 100% at 3.8 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm column; 10-90% methanol, water with 0.2% phosphoric acid gradient over 4 min.; 4 mL/min.; uv detection at 220 nm).

EXAMPLE 484 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-(methoxymethyl)-N-(2-pyridinylmethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

Scheme:

Synthesis of 3: A solution of recrystallized (acetone, hexane) 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (1, 25.0 g, 173.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (350 mL) was treated with pyridine (27.4 g, 346.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was cooled to −5.1° C. To this stirred solution was added a solution of methoxyacetyl chloride (2, 20.7 g, 190.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 mL) over 50 mins., maintaining the reaction temperature below 1.5° C. The reaction mixture turned orange and a precipitate formed. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to 17.5° C. over 40 mins. The reaction mixture turned maroon and the solids dissolved. After TLC (100% ethyl acetate) showed the reaction was complete, the reaction was quenched with 3.7% aqueous hydrochloric acid (500 mL) and the aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane). The organic extracts were combined and washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed. The resulting oil was dried on high vacuum to constant weight to give 3 (33.11 g) in 88.3% yield.

Synthesis of 4: To a solution of 3 (33.1 g, 153 mmol) in 100 mL of toluene was added 2-methyl-2-propanol (100 mL, 1.05 mol) and the reaction was heated to reflux. After 1.5 h the reaction was concentrated to give 4 (30.2 g) in 100% yield.

Synthesis of 5: To the solution of β-ketoester 4 (30.2 g, 160.6 mmol) in dimethylformamide (120 mL) was added 3,4 dichlorobenzaldehyde (28.13 g, 160.6 mmol), followed by 3-aminopyrazole (14.7 g, 176.7 mmol), then sodium hydrogen carbonate (54 g, 642.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 48 hrs. The reaction mixture was then cooled to 35° C. and transferred into rapidly stirring water (1.5 L) at RT. The resulting off-white solid was filtered. The filtered solid was slurried in water (1 L) and filtered again. The wet cake (165 g) was dissolved into ethyl acetate (1 L), giving a two-phase mixture. The mixture was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride (500 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and filtered. The solvent was removed. The resulting crude material was purified by column chromatography using 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to give 5 (22.6 g, 34.3%) as a white powder.

Synthesis of 6: To a solution of dihydropyrimidine tert-butyl ester 5 (10.13 g, 24.7 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 mL) was added a solution of trimethylsilyltrifluoromethanesulfonate (11 g, 49.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (11 mL). After 1 hr, hexane (300 mL) was added slowly and the reaction was concentrated to 250 mL. The product formed a gum and supernatant was decanted. Hexane (250 mL) was added and the mixture was allowed to stir for 1 hr. The gum had solidified and formed a powder. The supernatant was decanted again and another 250 mL of hexane was added. The mixture was stirred for 10 min and filtered. The resulting wet cake was washed with hexane (250 mL)) and a fine off-white powder 6 resulted which was allowed to suction dry.

Synthesis of 7: To a suspension of dihydropyrimidine acid 6 (100 mg, 0.28 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added EDCI (76 mg, 0.39 mmol), followed by a solution of 2-pyridylmethylamine (32.4 mg, 0.39 mmol) in dichloromethane (1 mL). After 2.5 hrs, the reaction was concentrated to dryness and the crude mixture was purified by silica gel chromatography using 10% methanol in dichloromethane as eluent to give the title compound (90 mg, 72.4%) as an off-white powder. Mass Spec m/z (M+Na)⁺ 466.

EXAMPLES 485-496

The following compounds were prepared by the methods described in Example 484.

Ex. Mass Spec # Structure Name (m/z) 485

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-(methoxymethyl)-N-(2- pyridinylmethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 444 (M + H)⁺ 486

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(4- fluorophenyl)pyrrolidine 501 (M + H)⁺ 487

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methoxymethyl-N-(3- phenylpropyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 471 (M + H)⁺ 488

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 516 (M + H)⁺ 489

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]piperidine 421 (M + H)⁺ 490

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 451 (M + H)⁺ 491

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-(methoxymethyl)-N,N-dipropyl- pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 437 (M + H)⁺ 492

5-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-N-(3- phenylpropyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 509 (M + H)  493

1-[[5-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 554 (M + H)  494

1-[[5-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperidine 459 (M + H)  495

(2S)-1-[[5-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 489 (M + H)  496

5-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-N,N- dipropylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6- carboxamide 475 (M + H) 

EXAMPLE 497 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-6-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-5-(methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Synthesis of 1: The synthesis 1 was described in Example 484.

Synthesis of 2: The title compound was synthesized in a manner described in Example 465. The product was purified by preparative TLC in 10% methanol in dichloromethane. Mass Spec m/z (M+H)⁺ 426.

EXAMPLE 498 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-6-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-5-(methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

The title compound was synthesized in a manner similar to that described in Example 497. Mass Spec m/z (M+H)⁺ 426

EXAMPLE 499 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7-dihydro-5-(methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Starting with compound 6 from Example 484, the title compound was synthesized in a manner similar to that described in Example 470. Mass Spec m/z (M+H)⁺ 458. The title compound can be separated into pure chiral form via preparative chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD 5 cm×50 cm column eluted with 25% isopropanol in hexane with 0.1% TEA at 50 mL/min with UV detection at 254 nM). The faster eluting isomer (example 503) is enantiomer A (HPLC retention time 6.8 min, 4.6×250 mm Chiralpak AD column eluted with 25% isopropanol, hexane with 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min with UV detection at 220 nm) and the slower eluting isomer (example 504) is enantiomer B (HPLC retention time 12.0 min, 4.6×250 mm Chiralpak AD column eluted with 25% isopropanol, hexane with 0.1% triethylamine at 1 mL/min with UV detection at 254 nm).

EXAMPLES 500-504

The following examples were synthesized by methods described in Example 499:

Ex. Structure Name Mass Spec 500

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(4-fluoro- 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 458 (M + H)⁺ 501

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(4-fluoro- 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 458 (M + H)⁺ 502

7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(5-fluoro- 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine 458 (M + H)⁺ 503

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(5-fluoro- 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine enantiomer A 458 (M + H)  504

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(5-fluoro- 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5- (methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine enantiomer B 458 (M + H) 

EXAMPLE 505 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-phenyl-N-(3-phenylpropyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide

Synthesis of 1: A solution of benzoic acid (3.05 g, 25 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (25 mL) was treated with CDI (4.05 g, 25 mmol) at ambient temperature. In a separate flask lithiumdiisopropylamide was generated at −78° C. by treatment of a tetrahydrofuran solution (40 mL) of diisopropyl amine (10.6 mL, 76.0 mmol) with 2.5 M n-butyl lithium in hexanes (30 mL, 75.0 mmol). Tert-butyl acetate was added dropwise and the reaction was stirred at −78° C. for 1 hr. The enolate was transferred at −78° C. to a stirred solution of the imidazoylbenzoate prepared previously. The resulting solution was cooled to −78° C. After the addition of the enolate was complete, a thick slurry resulted, which was broken up by shaking the reaction. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 1 h at −78° C. A 1N aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid was added until the pH was 4. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature with stirring. The reaction mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic layer was washed with aqueous 1N hydrochloric acid, aqueous 10% sodium hydrogen carbonate, saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The solvent was removed to give 1 (5.0 g, 91%) as an oil.

Synthesis of 2: Compound 2 was synthesized in a manner similar to that of compound 5 in example 484.

Synthesis of 3: Compound 3 was synthesized in a manner similar to that of compound 6 in example 484.

Synthesis of 4: The title compound was synthesized in a manner similar to that of compound 7 in example 484. Mass Spec m/z (M+H)⁺ 503.

EXAMPLES 506-509

The following Examples 506-509 were synthesized in a manner similar to that described in Example 505:

Ex. Structure Name Mass Spec 506

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-phenylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4-(4- fluorophenyl)piperazine 448 (M + H)⁺ 507

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-phenylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]piperidine 459 (M + H)⁺ 508

(2S)-1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7-dihydro-5- phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin- 6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine 483 (M + H)⁺ 509

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-phenyl-N,N- dipropylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 475 (M + H) 

EXAMPLE 510 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-phenylpyrazolidine

Preparation of 3: To a solution of dihydropyrimidine acid 1 (0.336 g, 1 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added 1-phenylpyrazolidine 2 (0.215 g, 1.5 mmol, prepared using the procedure described in Tetrahedron, 1973, 29, 4045) followed by 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.278 g, 1.5 mmol) and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with ethyl acetate, to give the title compound 3 (0.184 g, 39%) as a white powder. (M+H)⁺=455.

EXAMPLE 511 6-(1-Chloro-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-3-yl)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Preparation of B:: At 20° C., EDCI (100 mg, 0.52 mmol) was added to a stirred slurry of carboxylic acid A (120 mg, 0.37 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂. After 5 mins, proline amide was added (60 mg, 0.52 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 h. The resulting yellow slurry was concentrated under reduced pressure, dissolved in 2 mL acetone and applied directly to a preparative silica gel TLC plate, (20×20 cm, 1 mm thickness, 254 nm UV indicator) eluting with 10% MeOH in CH₂Cl₂. The product B was isolated as a 1:1 ratio of diastereomers (79 mg, 50% yield as a pale yellow glass.) HPLC: RT 2.61 and 2.80 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column) 10-90% MeOH/water with 0.2% PPA linear gradient over 4 min, 4 mL/min, UV Detection at 220 nm. LCMS: R_(T)2.63 and 2.81 min (YMC S5 ODS 4.6×50 mm Ballistic column) 10-90% MeOH/water with 0.1% TFA linear gradient over 4 min, 4 mL/min, WV Detection at 220 nm, Mass Spec m/z (M+H)⁺ 420.

Preparation of C: Phosphorus oxychloride (4 mL) was added to diastereomers B (190 mg, 0.46 mmol). The slurry was heated to 100° C. for 12 h whereupon the precipitate dissolved furnishing an orange colored solution. The cooled reaction mixture was poured cautiously into saturated K₂CO₃ (ca. 20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×30 mL). The combined organic portions were dried over Na₂SO₄, decanted and concentrated yielding an orange oil which was purified directly by preparative HPLC: R_(T)28.40 min (YMC S5 ODS 30×250 mm Reversed phase C18 column) 30-90% MeOH/water with 0.1% TFA linear gradient over 30 min, 25 mL/min, UV Detection at 220 nm. Product C (96 mg, 51% yield) was obtained as a free base after removal of MeOH from the HPLC fractions, addition of 1.0M NaOH and extraction into CH₂Cl₂ (3×30 mL). The enantiomers were separated by chiral preparative HPLC: R_(T)42.4 and 59.0 min (ChiralPak OD 50×500 mm Normal phase column) 15% EtOH/hexane Isocratic, 50 mL/min, UV Detection at 220 nm. Both enantiomers were isolated as pale yellow powders, (34 mg of enantiomer A and 38 mg enantiomer B). Chiral HPLC Enantiomer B: R_(T)7.36 min (ChiralPak OD 4.6×250 mm Normal phase column) 15% EtOH/hexane Isocratic, 2 mL/min, UV Detection at 220 nm 100% ee. Chiral HPLC Enantiomer A: R_(T)4.94 min (ChiralPak OD 4.6×250 mm Normal phase column) 15% EtOH/hexane Isocratic, 2 mL/min, UV Detection at 220 nm 100% ee.

EXAMPLE 512 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(1-methyl-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Preparation of compound 1: as described in example 16.

Preparation of compound 2: To a suspension of the acid (152.9 mg, 0.47 mmol) in 5 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane were added trichloroacetonitrile (57.0 μL, 0.67 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (186.2 mg, 0.71 mmol). The mixture became clear and was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was transferred into a solution of 3,4-diaminothiophene hydrochloride (88.5 mg, 0.47 mmol) and triethylamine (198.0 μL, 1.42 mmol) in 5 mL of dichloromethane. The reaction was monitored using TLC or LC/MS. Upon completion of the coupling, the reaction mixture was loaded directly onto silica gel and eluted with 5% methanol/dichloromethane to yield the desired amide as a white solid (132.3 mg, 67%).

Preparation of compound 3: A suspension of the resulting amide (107 mg, 0.25 mmol) and phosphorus pentachloride (53.1 mg, 0.25 mmol) in chloroform (20 mL) was heated to reflux under anhydrous argon for 5 hours and the mixture was allowed to cool down to room temperature and stir overnight. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was redissolved in ethyl acetate and briefly washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give the crude thienoimidazole, which was purified by flash chromatograph using 100% ethyl acetate to give a brown solid (73 mg, 71%).

Preparation of compound 4: To a solution of the thienoimidazole (22.4 mg, 0.06 mmol) in 2 mL of anhydrous DMF was added iodomethane (4.5 μL, 0.07 mmol) and potassium carbonate (15.4 mg, 0.11 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched using methanol. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with 10% LiCl (3×10 mL) and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was separated and dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give a residue, which was further purified using flash chromatograph (5% MeOH/ethyl acetate) and (6% MeOH/chloroform) to give the titled compound as a white solid (4.5 mg, 20%).

EXAMPLE 513 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(4-methyl-4H-imidazo[3,4-d][1,2,5]thiadiazol-5-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Preparation of compound 5: To a suspension of the acid (120 mg, 0.37 mmol) in 5 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane were added trichloroacetonitrile (55.9 μL, 0.56 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (146.2 mg, 0.56 mmol). The mixture became clear and was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was transferred into a solution of 3,4-diamino-1,2,5-thiadiazole (51.7 mg, 0.45 mmol, prepared according to J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1976, 13, 13) and triethylamine (103.6 μL, 0.74 mmol) in 5 mL of dichloromethane. The reaction was monitored using TLC or LC/MS. Upon completion of the coupling, the reaction mixture was loaded directly onto silica gel and eluted with 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes to yield the desired amide as a yellow solid (56.4 mg, 30%).

Preparation of compound 6: A suspension of the resulting amide (80 mg, 0.19 mmol) and phosphorus pentachloride (79 mg, 0.38 mmol) in chloroform (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature under anhydrous argon for one hour and then heated to reflux for 2 hours. The mixture was allowed to cool down to room temperature and solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was redissolved in ethyl acetate and briefly washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give the crude thiodiazoimidazole, which was purified by flash chromatograph using 80% ethyl acetate/hexanes to give a yellow solid (29 mg, 38%).

Preparation of compound 7: To a solution of the thiadiazoimidazole (29 mg, 0.07 mmol) in 2 mL of anhydrous DMF was added iodomethane (4.9 μL, 0.08 mmol) and potassium carbonate (19.9 mg, 0.14 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature under dry argon for 3 hours. The reaction was quenched using methanol and diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with 10% LiCl (3×10 mL) and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was separated and dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to give a residue, which was purified using HPLC to give the titled compound as a white solid (1.6 mg, 5%).

EXAMPLE 514 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(1,6-dihydro-1,3,6-trimethylimidazo[4,5-c]pyrazol-5-yl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine

Preparation of compound 8: To a suspension of the acid (150 mg, 0.46 mmol) in 5 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane were added trichloroacetonitrile (69.8 μL, 0.70 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (182.7 mg, 0.70 mmol). The mixture became clear and was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was transferred into a solution of the diaminopyrazole (prepared according to J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 3524) and triethylamine (129.5 μL, 0.93 mmol) in 5 mL of dichloromethane. The reaction was monitored using TLC or LC/MS. Upon completion of the coupling, the reaction mixture was loaded directly onto silica gel and eluted with 10% methanol/ethyl acetate to yield the desired amide as a white solid.

Preparation of compound 9: A suspension of the resulting amide (39.5 mg, 0.09 mmol) in phosphorus oxychloride (10 mL) was stirred at 80° C. under anhydrous argon overnight. The mixture was allowed to cool down to room temperature and solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was redissolved in ethyl acetate and briefly washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give a residue, which was purified by flash chromatograph using 10% methanol/dichloromethane to give the desired product as a light brown solid (13.9 mg, 37%).

EXAMPLE 515 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(2-thienyl)pyrrolidine

Preparation of compound 1: as described in example 17.

Preparation of compound 3: To a suspension of polystyrene supported HOBt reagent (5.2 g, 8.0 mmol) in 100 mL of anhydrous dichioromethane in a reaction vessel that has a fritted glass filter at the bottom was added the acid (4.7 g, 12.0 mmol), 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (2.3 g, 12.0 mmol), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (98 mg, 0.8 mmol). The mixture was shook using an orbital shaker for 3 hours at room temperature. Solvent was drained through filtration, and the resin washed with anhydrous DMF (3×30 mL), anhydrous TF (3×30 mL), and anhydrous dichloromethane (3×30 mL). The resin that contains activated ester was allowed to dry in vacuo overnight. The coupling yield was estimated based on the weight gain to be 84%.

Preparation of compound 4: Resin containing the HOBt-activated ester (58 mg, 0.05 mmol) was distributed into a well, to which 2-(2′-thienyl)-pyrrolidine (80 μL of 0.5 M, 0.04 mmol) was dispensed. The suspension was allowed to shake at room temperature for 3 hours, and then polystyrene-supported isocyanate reagent was added (83 mg, 0.08 mmol) and the suspension was shook for 2 hours. Solvent was collected through filtration, and the resin was washed with dichloromethane (2×0.5 mL). All filtrates were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the desired product as a white solid (18 mg). The purity of the product was checked using LC/MS to be 100%, and m/z is 527.

EXAMPLES 516-587

The following compounds were synthesized using the procedure as described in Example 515. Those compounds that have low purity were purified using preparative HPLC to give the corresponding desired products.

Ex. Structure Name Mass Spec 516

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(4- methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidine 551 (M + H)⁺ 517

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(3- furanyl)pyrrolidine 511 (M + H)⁺ 518

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(2- pyridinyl)pyrrolidine 522 (M + H)⁺ 519

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(4- pyridinyl)pyrrolidine 522 (M + H)  520

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2- (phenylmethyl)pyrrolidine 535 (M + H)  521

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(2- methoxyphenyl)pyrrolidine 551 (M + H)  522

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(2- phenylethyl)pyrrolidine 549 (M + H)  523

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,3- dimethylcyclohexyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 501 (M + H)  524

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[1-(1- naphthalenyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 545 (M + H)  525

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[2-(1-piperidinyl)ethyl]- 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 502 (M + H)  526

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,2- diphenylethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 571 (M + H)  527

N-[2-(1-Cyclohexen-1-yl)ethyl]-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 499 (M + H)  528

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[2-(phenylthio)ethyl]-2- trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 527 (M + H)  529

N-([1,1′-Bicyclohexyl]-2-yl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 555 (M + H)  530

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[2-[[(2,6- dichlorophenyl)methyl]thio]ethyl]- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 610 (M + H)  531

N-[(2-Chloro-6- methylphenyl)methyl]-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 529 (M + H)  532

N-(Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl)-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 485 (M + H)  533

N-Cyclobutyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 445 (M + H)  534

N-Cyclopentyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 458 (M + H)  535

N-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 473 (M + H)  536

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 487 (M + H)  537

N-(Cyclohexylmethyl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 487 (M + H)  538

N-(2-Cyanoethyl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-N,5- dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 458 (M + H)  539

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[2-(1-methyl-2- pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 502 (M + H)  540

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[(1-ethyl- 2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 502 (M + H)  541

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[2-(1- pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 488 (M + H)  542

N-Cyclohexyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-N-ethyl-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 501 (M + H)  543

N-Cycloheptyl-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine -6-carboxamide 487 (M + H)  544

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- [(1S,2S)-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2- methylbutyl]-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 491 (M + H)  545

3-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]thiazolidine 463 (M + H)  546

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6- yl]carbonyl]pyrrolidine 445 (M + H)  547

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(2-thienylmethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 487 (M + H)  548

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4- methylpiperazine 474 (M + H)  549

8-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)- 4,7dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-1,4- dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane 517 (M + H)  550

1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-4- (phenylmethyl)piperidine 549 (M + H)  551

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[4-(4- morpholinyl)phenyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 552 (M + H)  552

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[3-(4- morpholinyl)propyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 518 (M + H)  553

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- N,5-dimethyl-N-[2-(2- pyridinyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 510 (M + H)  554

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-(2,3- dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 525 (M + H)  555

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(1-phenylethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 495 (M + H)  556

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 447 (M + H)  557

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 481 (M + H)  558

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[(2- fluorophenyl)methyl]-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 499 (M + H)  559

N-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 515 (M + H)  560

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[(4- fluorophenyl)methyl]-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 499 (M + H)  561

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 495 (M + H)  562

N-[2-(4-Chlorophenyl)ethyl]-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 530 (M + H)  563

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N,N-bis(2-methylpropyl)- 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 503 (M + H)  564

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[(3,4- dichlorophenyl)methyl]-4,7- dihydro-N,5-dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 564 (M + H)  565

N-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-N,5- dimethyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 530 (M + H)  566

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-ethyl-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-N-(1- methylethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 461 (M + H)  567

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)-N- propyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 523 (M + H)  568

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[[4-(1- methylethyl)phenyl]methyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 523 (M + H)  569

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[2- [ethyl(3-methylphenyl)amino]ethyl]- 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 552 (M + H)  570

N-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 445 (M + H)  571

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[2-(6- fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 552 (M + H)  572

N-[2-(Butylethylamino)ethyl]-7- (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 518 (M + H)  573

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[1-(phenylmethyl)-3- pyrrolidinyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 550 (M + H)  574

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[[4- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 565 (M + H) 575

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[[3- (trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 565 (M + H)  576

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[(1R)-1-(1- naphthalenyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 545 (M + H)  577

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-(1- naphthalenyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 545 (M + H)  578

N-[(1S)-1-Cyclohexylethyl]-7-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 501 (M + H)  579

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N- (tricyclo[3.3.1.1 < 3,7]decan-1- ylmethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 539 (M + H) 580

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[(1R,2S,5R)-5-methyl- 2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 529 (M + H)  581

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[2-(4- phenoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 587 (M + H)  582

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[[4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4- yl)phenyl]methyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 565 (M + H)  583

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-(1-methyl-1- phenylethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 509 (M + H)  584

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-N-[(5-methyl-2- furanyl)methyl]-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 584 (M + H)  585

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-[[(2S)-1- ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl]methyl]-4,7- dihydro-5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 502 (M + H)  586

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-(4,6- dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)-4,7-dihydro- 5-methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 596 (M + H)  587

7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-N-(1,1- dimethylethyl)-4,7-dihydro-5- methyl-2- (trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide 447 (M + H) 

EXAMPLE 588 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(3-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)pyrrolidine

Synthesis of 3: A mixture of N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-proline 1 (0.5 g, 2.3 mmol), hydroxyamidine 2 (0.172 g, 2.3 mmol, prepared using the procedure outlined in J. Fluor. Chem. 1999, 95, 127) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (0.323 g, 2.4 mmol) in 22% dimethyl formamide in dichloromethane (9 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hours. Then 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.757 g, 3.9 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred further at room temperature for 2 hours when HPLC indicated completion of the reaction. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layers were washed successively with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and dried over magnesium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent provided a white solid with an (M+H)⁺ of 272 consistent for the coupled product 3.

Preparation of 4: The solid 3 was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (17 mL), cesium carbonate (1.6 g) added and the mixture heated at 50-70° C. for 18 hours after which HPLC indicated the complete consumption of 3. The reaction was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to give a light-green colored oil that had an (M+H)⁺ of 254 consistent with the desired oxadiazole 4 which was used without any further purification.

Synthesis of 5: To a solution of 4 (0.288 g, 1.1 mmol) in dichloromethane (9 mL) was added 0.9 mL of trifluoroacetic acid and the solution stirred at room temperature for 18 hours when HPLC indicated the absence of 4. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue purified by ion-exchange chromatography (using BioRad AG-50W-X2 resin, 200-400 mesh, hydrogen form) eluting with 2N ammonia in methanol to give the deprotected pyrrolidine 5 as an oil (0.122 g, 70%). (M+H)⁺=154

Synthesis of 6: To a solution of dihydropyrimidine acid (0.21 gram, 0.65 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added pyrrolidine 5 (0.139 gram, 0.9 mmol) followed by 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.174 gram, 0.9 mmol) and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with ethyl acetate, to give two diastereomers—a fast moving, less polar diastereomer-1 and a slow moving, more polar diastereomer-2, both as white amorphous solids with an (M+H)⁺ of 460.

EXAMPLE 589 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl]carbonyl]-2-(3-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)piperidine

Synthesis of 4: A mixture of (+/−) N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-pipecolinic acid 1 (0.8 gram, 3.5 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (1.14 gram, 5.9 mmol) and 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.49 gram, 3.6 mmol) in 22% dimethyl formamide in dichloromethane (20 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hours. Then hydroxyamidine 2 (0.26 gram, 3.5 mmol, prepared using the procedure outlined in J. Fluor. Chem. 1999, 95, 127) was added and the mixture stirred further at room temperature for 18 hours when HPLC indicated completion of the reaction. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layers were washed successively with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and dried over magnesium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent provided a clear oil with an (M+H)⁺ of 285 consistent for the coupled product 3. The oil 3 was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (25 mL), cesium carbonate (2.5 g) added and the mixture heated at 50-70° C. for 18 hours after which HPLC indicated the complete consumption of 3. The reaction was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to give a clear oil that had an (M+H)⁺ of 267 consistent with the desired oxadiazole 4 which was used without any further purification.

Synthesis of 5: To a solution of 4 (0.82 gram, 3.1 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) was added 2 mL of trifluoroacetic acid and the solution stirred at room temperature for 18 hours when HPLC indicated the absence of 4. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue purified by ion-exchange chromatography (using BioRad AG-50W-X2 resin, 200-400 mesh, hydrogen form) eluting with 2N ammonia in methanol to give the deprotected pyrrolidine 5 as an oil (0.46 gram, 89%). (M+H)⁺=167

Synthesis of title compound: To a solution of dihydropyrimidine acid (0.64 gram, 2.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was added pyrrolidine 5 (0.462 gram, 2.8 mmol) followed by 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (0.53 gram, 2.8 mmol) and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with ethyl acetate, to give two diastereomers- a minor and less polar diastereomer (diastereomer 1) and a major more polar diastereomer (diastereomer 2), both as white amorphous solids with an (M+H)⁺ of 473. 

1. A compound of Formula I*

and enantiomers, diasteriomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X¹, X² and X³, together with the atoms to which they are bonded, form a ring which is

R¹ is H; R² is a substituted phenyl; R^(3*) is a mono or bicyclic heterocyclo or substituted heterocyclo having 3 to 10 ring members of which 1-3 members are heteroatoms selected from nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms and/or sulfur atoms; R⁴ is methoxymethyl or C1-6 alkyl; R⁵ is H; and R⁷ is H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy or CF₃.
 2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; and R^(3*) is selected from the group consisting of:

each of which can be optionally substituted.
 3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein the substitutions on R^(3*) are selected from alkyl, oxo, halo, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, amido, amino, alkoxy, alkanoyl, alkylester, cycloalkyl and aryl.
 4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier thereof.
 5. A compound selected from the group consisting of: (a) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(5-phenyl-2-oxazolyl)pyrazolo[1, 5-a]pyrimidine; (b) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (c) 6-(1 H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (d) 6-(2-Benzothiazolyl)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine; (e) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(1-methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (f) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1-propyl-1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (g) 6-(5-Butyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,7dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (h) 1-[[7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(4-methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (i) 1- [[7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(1-methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (j) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-6-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (k) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(1-ethyl-5-nitro-1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (l) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-[1-(1-methylethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (m) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-6-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-5-(methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (n) 7-(2,3-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-6-(imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)-5-(methoxymethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (o) 6-(1-Chloro-6,7-dihydro-5 H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-3-yl)-7-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) -4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (p) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(1-methyl-1 H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; (q) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-6-(4-methyl-4 H-imidazo[3,4-d][1,2,5]thiadiazol-5-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; and (r) 7-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-6-(1,6-dihydro-1,3,6-trimethylimidazo[4,5c]pyrazol-5-yl) -4,7-dihydro-5-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine.
 6. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of claim 2 and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier thereof.
 7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of claim 3 and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier thereof.
 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of claim 5 and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier thereof. 